The Theme of Darkness in Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay

The Theme of Darkness in Conrads Heart of Darkness Works Cited Not Included It has been said that although Conrad may not have been the greatest novelist, he was certainly the greatest artist every to write a novel;. I feel that this is an apt description of Conrads writing style in Heart of Darkness (1902), as he paints many verbal pictures by using expressive words and many figurative descriptions of places and people. An extensive use of words relating to colour, is evident throughout the novella. The idea of darkness (and light) is emphasized from the title of the novella, and continues to play an important role throughout in the story . My opinion is that Conrad felt that using darkness; as a recurring theme throughout†¦show more content†¦which mostly means taking it away from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than ourselves, is not a pretty thing when you look into it to much;, thereby condemning imperialism. He also invokes our sympathies in the black shadows of disease and starvation; and his descriptions of the senseless violence which he witnesses. I also do not agree with another of the common interpretations which explains that Colonialism is and spreads the darkness. This notion is supported by an idea previously stated and explained ? that Conrad criticises colonialism and imperialism. However, when thinking back on when he went to France to sign up for the trip, Marlowe says that the women at the reception area were guarding the door of Darkness;. This suggests that only once one had travelled through this door would one be exposed to the darkness. Therefore, the darkness is something foreign. Also, there are references to the darkness of London once Marlowe returns from Africa, which leads me to think that the darkness is more like a feeling or emotion which overtakes people once they have had a certain experience than a concept such as colonisation. In the story of creation, dark was present in the world before light was created. Therefore, my view is that in Heart of Darkness, darkness represents the base, elemental nature of the world, while light is what was created by man to cover this. The darkness is the true nature of the world, whileShow MoreRelated Theme of Colonialism and Imperialism in Conrads Heart of Darkness1008 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme of Imperialism in Heart of Darkness       Of the themes in Conrads Heart of Darkness, imperialism and colonialism are probably the most important. While Heart of Darkness is actually set on the Thames River, the events Marlow describes are set on the Congo River. The Congo is the river that brought about the partition of Africa that occurred from 1880 to 1890 (McLynn 13). This event marked the beginning of the colonization of Africa. 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As the title suggests, Conrad’s novel deeply explores the ‘darkness’ potentially inherent in people’s hearts. Heart of Darkness is set on the Congo River during the European occupation of Africa. Conrad explores the effect of exploitation on humanity. Similarly, Coppola’s film explores the metaphorical ‘darkness’ in VietnamRead MoreJoseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1488 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrad’s s novel Heart of Darkness portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman. Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as â€Å"so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to human thought, so pitiless to human weakness†, (Conrad 154) as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life. Conrad lived through a time when European colonies were scattered all over the world. This phenomenon and the doctrine of colonialism bought into at hisRead MoreThoughts Of Imperialism In Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness911 Words   |  4 PagesHeart of Darkness, what does it really mean, what can it signify? For all it matters, it has no meaning, but is just a phrase. By applying the following schools of theory, psychoanalysis, over analyzing texts, cultural studies which portray how readers consume the text and postcolonial which analyzes the â€Å"losers† perspective it helps to depict the novella of Heart Darkness. By using the schools of theory, it will analyze a multitude of perspective relating to the novella’s theme of imperialism disastrousRead More Light and Dark of Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness1542 Words   |  7 PagesThe Light and Dark of Colonialism Exposed in Heart of Darkness       In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad, challenges a dominant view by exposing the evil nature and the darkness associated with the colonialist ventures. It is expressed by Marlow as robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as it is very proper for those who tackle a darkness. The European colonialists are portrayed as blind lightbearers, people having a faà §ade of progress and cultureRead MoreHeart of Darkness1699 Words   |  7 PagesThe immortality and blindness to a dark continent Joseph Conrad’s s novel â€Å"Heart of Darkness† portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman. Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as â€Å"so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to human thought, so pitiless to human weakness†, (Conrad 2180) as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life. Conrad lived through a time when European colonies were scattered all over the world. This phenomenon

Arab Israeli Conflict Between Arab Nations And Israel

Arab-Israeli Conflict The Arab-Israeli conflict refers to the political tension and military conflicts amongst certain Arab nations and Israel. The conflict began as a struggle over land, or the area now known as Palestine. This conflict began at the end of the nineteenth century with the rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism. Arab nationalism was a reaction response to Zionism in relation to this conflict. While the Arab nation initiated four wars, Israel defended itself and won each time. What use to be a large-scale conflict between the Arab nation and Israel, as shifted over the years to a more local area conflict. Although many peace agreements have been signed through the years, there is still a major conflict between the Arab nation, specifically shifted towards the Palestinian nation, and Israel. The Arab world and Israel remain at odds over specific territory as well as many other issues. Many people claim that the reason the Arabs want to destroy Israel is simply because it is a Jewish state. The many leading powers of this state are of Jewish descent. The religion and the heritage of the people in Israel are very important to them. Other people would argue that the Arabs want to rid the Middle East of Israel because of its descending democracy. They see Israel’s democracy as a threat to the Middle East and despite the many advances that they have made, would like to erase the state from their nation. They also believe that, despite the importance of theShow MoreRelatedArab-Israeli Conflicts between 1948 and 19731227 Words   |  5 PagesBetween the period of 1948 and 1973 there was quite a bit of animosity and conflict between the Arab world and Israeli’s. This was caused by a struggle for land in the state of what was known as Palestine but to many it is now known as Israel. 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Marketing Plan For A Start Up Sunrise Cafe Restaurant †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan For A Start Up Sunrise Cafe Restaurant. Answer: Introduction The aim of the current study is to prepare a business and marketing plan for a business start-up that are intending to initiate they are business in the Cafe restaurant industry of Australia. The various types of Cafe including coffee, capacihnios and all other kinds of snacks are quite popular these days among Australian population. The new start-up company in this sector, which is named Sunrise cafe, is aiming to make full use of the business opportunity. Restaurant start up is aiming to become a part of the Australian Lifestyle, where the people are dependent upon various types of cafe. It is also expected that the Cafe Industry of Australia is growing at a rapid rate due to the high demand of people. It is important for the Sunrise cafe to implement effective marketing plan by analysing the internal and external environment in order to capture significant market share. The current report will focus upon providing possible organisational structure and objective of the company, which will help them to establish themselves as one of the reputed band in their sector. Organizational Structure According to Fan et al.,(2013), organisational structure is an important component within a company that helps to decide how all the major business operation will be controlled and supervised. The entire process of task allocation and coordination are being controlled with the help of organisational structure. The Sunrise cafe company need to have an effective 0management team as a part of their organisational structure. The management Team should consist of member, which will consist of managers having experience of at least 5 years of working in the coffee sector. Hence, it will be possible for the company to decide upon the marketing plan and also use inventory that are needed to decide upon the pricing of the products (Ashkenas et al., 2015). It is also possible for the company to decide upon the business strategy, which is needed for a start-up company. This can help them to gain significant market share and thereby able to gain competitive advantage. There will be a separate team employed by the company, whose duty will be conduct marketing research of Coffee Industry in Australia and collect relevant data that are needed in the process of implementing business plan. The research team will conduct survey among the consumers of Australia and get an idea of the demand and expectation of the people before they launch the products in the market. There will be separate finance team, who will make the planning for expenditure and the budget of the company. They will also predict the profit level of the company for the next 5 years. It is also essential for them to prepare contingency plan that need to be implemented during the time of crisis. For each cafe there will be head cook or chef, who will be in charge of the restaurant kitchen. It is the duty of the Chef to ensure that all the food is prepared properly and good quality of the food is maintained. There also will bartenders, who will look after the needs of the guests within the restaurant (Davis et al., 2013). Mission and Objective of the Organization The main mission of the Sunrise Cafe is to provide unique style in the preparation of the food. The company will also aim to introduce new style of cafe, which will bring about innovation within the respective sector (Fuller, 2016). Original mission statement is an important component of marketing, which the restaurant to attract most of the coffee lovers of Australia. It is important to mention in the context the brand mission of the restaurant will be addressed with the help of the mission statement (Campbell et al., 2016). The restaurant will aim to introduce various type of service within the cafe chain. There will be option of online ordering the food which will help them to increase the total amount of sales. The Ambience of the restaurant will also help the guest to enjoy the moment with food and thereby spend some relaxing time with friends and family members. The principles of product life cycle will be implemented by the Sunrise cafe chain. In the introductory stage, it is essential for the company to focus on branding techniques, which will help to increase the popularity of the product among the target customers. At subsequent step, the restaurant will fix up on the pricing of each of their food items (Bartlett Twineham, 2013). In order to gain market share and gain advantage, it is essential that the pricing are kept at lower level. This is believed to be one of the effective ways to attract customers from Rival companies. Effective promotion techniques will also be applied in order to raise the level of awareness among target group of customers. It is important to mention that, at the initial stage of product life cycle, the main aim of the company is increase their popularity with the help of effective marketing techniques. Hence, it may not be possible for the company to make profit. The objective of the Sunrise cafe restaurant can be noted as follows: To bring about innovation in the process of making cafe that will aim to provide unique taste to the food. To prepare food and drinks in a healthy manner, which will not compromise upon the safety level of the customers? To capture 5% market share of Australian Cafe Industry within the next 2 to 3 years. External and Internal Business Environment It is essential for all business start up to analyse the external condition of the market of respective domain in order to implement effective marketing plan and fulfil the needs of the target group of customers (Dibrell et al., 2015). This can be achieved by using effective marketing tools of internal and external analysis. The test analysis tool will be used by the Sunrise cafes, which will aim to analyse the political, economic and social background of the Australian people. The stable form of government in Australia is one of the major contributing political factors that can help any form of start-up within the consumer market. The government has also initiated various investment policies or the start-ups, which will help the Sunrise cafe in the process of implementing the business plan in free and fair manner. The legal matters related to the business of food also need to be followed. It is important to mention about the Food Safety Act of 1991, which was implemented by the government in order to ensure that the quality of the food that are being sold by the restaurants are checked properly. The food safety regulations is aimed to minimise the risks of food contaminated diseases (Handford et al., 2015). With the growing economic condition of Australia,it is possible for Sunrise to expand their business in a short period of time. It is also possible for them in this context to attract maximum number of customers owing to the fact that there are no financial constraints among most of the people in Australian society. The people within the society of Australia are dependent upon the consumption of cafe. It is generally popular among people of corporate sector and younger generation individuals. Nevertheless,due to the fact that people are becoming health conscious,it is essential for Sunriseto use healthy nutrients,where the risk of catching up with chronic diseases are minimised. The use of the technology is also one of the essential components of restaurant business. Due to the high technological infrastructure of the Australian society it is easy be possible for Sunriseto use the public digital media in order to deal with their promotional activities. It is essential for Sunrise tomake best use of the business opportunities that exist within the Australian Cafe Industry. It is expected that within the next 5 years the overall revenue of the Cafe Industry will be doubled. Nevertheless with the growing competition in this sector,there are various risks of losing competitive advantage from the cafe giants like the Aroma Caf and 212 Blu which currently captures nearly 50% of the Cafe Industry in the Australian consumer market (Garcia et al., 2014). There is also the risk of losing competition from major Cafe giants of the world including Starbucks and CCD, which also has a significant market share in Australia. Business Practices The business to customer communication method is the best type of business practices that can be implemented by the cafe restaurant. This type of business practice will help to ensure that Sunrise is able to reach out to a wide range of customers. Effective business research practice will also be implemented which will help the company together important information relevant to the Cafe Industry. This is done with the help of effective research method thatwill be a part of their business practice. The company will use the theory of 7Cs of communication that is used in the cases related to improving the level of inter communication across the stakeholders of the organization. The elements of the 7Cs of communication theory in the business practice helps to improve upon the professionalism within the business. The parameters of the 7Cs include the following: Completeness Conciseness Consideration Clarity Concreteness Courtesy Conclusion In concluding note it can be said that it is essential for Sunrise Cafe to understand the Cafe Industry of Australia by conducting effective research work. It is also essential to implement the research methods that will ultimately help in the process of making business plan. The Australian Cafe Industry is currently offering huge opportunity for all business start-ups. Nevertheless, it is important for Sunriseto analyse the internal and external environment of business in order to make most use of the opportunity and deal with the risk using effective business practice. References Ashkenas, R., Ulrich, D., Jick, T., Kerr, S. (2015).The boundaryless organization: Breaking the chains of organizational structure. John Wiley Sons. Bartlett, D., Twineham, J. (2013).Product Life Cycle.In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility (pp. 1914-1920).Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Campbell, J. D., Jardine, A. K., McGlynn, J. (Eds.). (2016). Asset management excellence: optimizing equipment life-cycle decisions. CRC Press. Davis, B., Lockwood, A., Pantelidis, I., Alcott, P. (2013).Food and beverage management.Routledge. Dibrell, C., Fairclough, S., Davis, P. S. (2015). The impact of external and internal entrainment on firm innovativeness: A test of moderation. Journal of Business Research, 68(1), 19-26. Fan, J. P., Wong, T. J., Zhang, T. (2013). Institutions and organizational structure: The case of state-owned corporate pyramids. The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 29(6), 1217-1252. Fuller, G. W. (2016). New food product development: from concept to marketplace. CRC Press. Garcia, J., Dunford, E. K., Sundstrom, J., Neal, B. C. (2014). Changes in the sodium content of leading Australian fast-food products between 2009 and 2012. Med J Aust, 200(6), 340-4. Handford, C. E., Elliott, C. T., Campbell, K. (2015).A review of the global pesticide legislation and the scale of challenge in reaching the global harmonization of food safety standards.Integrated environmental assessment and management, 11(4), 525-536.

The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay Essay Example

The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay Essay Abstraction The outgrowths of new engineerings have brought alteration on cultural merchandises, creative persons are more competent and globalisation has widened up market operations for Warcraft games. Digitization adopted by assorted makers has increase communicating all over the universe and has allowed interaction among communities globally. Customer demand for faster and quality services is critical at a point where the market has got many participants viing. Research and development is critical to understand emerging client demand and market tendencies. This thesis paper analyses the profusion deepness and diverseness of cultural merchandises, 0.1 Introduction The universe is envisaged by promotion of engineerings which affects the society positively, the advent creativeness of societal networking has brought about divergent cultural linkages and inter-boundary communities through Warcraft games. The societal cultural effects and the originative Industry is traveling at a higher gait, nevertheless client demand are critical as good in which un scrupulous bargainers are taking advantage of an cognizant consumers, companies that create Warcraft games merchandises e.g. Blizzard are confronting, Warcraft is a franchise of video games and other media originally created by Blizzard amusement company, engineering has brought commanding practical enemies into the cultural originative industry with which value can be created to the benefit of a consumer upon public-service corporation, this are likely to be affected by market conditions, monetary values and the medium used for broadcast 0.2 Cultural industry We will write a custom essay sample on The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A cultural industry refers to assorted concern entities that produce, distribute, market and sell merchandises as flatly in originative humanistic disciplines. The cultural industry involves the originative humanistic disciplines of production of games, films telecasting plans or music ; by and large it combines all right originative humanistic disciplines. Anything made by human existences is an single piece of work and look of purposes fro good being of a society, it is based on the creativeness of members of the society who exploit probationary political orientations for development of information, cultural industries a referred as originative economic system harmonizing to ( Howkwins 2001 ) Harmonizing to ( Howkins 2001 ) cultural industry or originative economic system s made up of advertisement, trades, manner research and development, music, movie, executing humanistic disciplines, package and publication merely to advert a few ( Howkins 2001 ) . Harmonizing to Florida 2002 the originative humanistic disciplines industry of the 20 first century is likely depend on creativeness and invention with which has come on age based on promotion of engineering, the basic dogmas of the cultural industry in future will be depended on quality design to bring forth value for persons and societies, the industry has become a pillar in economic development with which human creativeness is the ultimate economic resource. This is through fostering originative endowment to a knowing labour intensive society, making employment and wealth. The kernel in invention and creativeness will heighten creativeness accomplishments furthering advanced communities with cultural diverseness which improve economic public presentation. Digitization by major cultural industries globally unusually with regulative mechanism will promote intensive investing flow among states which consequences progressive concentration and market laterality likely by pudding stones . Harmonizing ( Fuller and Jenkins 1995 ) picture games tempt the participant to play longer, seting more and more quarters into the arcade machine ( or supplying play value for those who ve bought the game ) by unveiling of all time more dramatic microworlds, the disclosure of a new degree the wages for holding survived and mastered the old environment. 0.3 How tantrums as a cultural merchandise and how it digital games industry is a cultural industry 0.3.1 Features of a cultural merchandise 0.3.2 Experienced goods Customer acceptableness of merchandises and services is based on demand and quality, nevertheless this are affected by single gustatory sensation, cultural demands and penchants, many artiest holding the passion to rank top in cultural productions have vastly connected to consumers through engineering, nevertheless the cultural industry is non a practical place. The supply concatenation from the cultural merchandise of the maker and related services, quality production and selling activities to distribution hold added value on to the terminal consumer on cultural merchandises. Warcraft games in this instance and relevant to promotion of engineering can be easy accessed by consumer virtually. 0.3.3 Elastic demand Economic growing in assorted parts of the universe via international webs and globalisation has played a major function in demand, creativeness in the micro economic degree, end product, employment meet consumer demands for the Warcraft games merchandise, the virtue of engineering has added value in client demand on cultural goods ingestion making a high grade of volatility and capriciousness, research on consumer tendency hence becomes critical to understand emerging demands. That most of the cultural goods, its fixed costs are higher, while the variable costs are comparatively low 0.3.4 Vertically differentiated Differentiation is based on branding to make a merchandise with a competitory border that is typical from that of the rivals, this can be based on pricing and alteration of design in Warcraft games and create sense of value, pricing kineticss in a market in which two or Sellerss compete to information of goods or services to a population of purchasers across boundaries with an purpose to maximize net incomes, with globalisation it can be easier when organisations create amalgamations and corporations for merchandise circulation around the universe. Maximizing net incomes and stakeholder value can be achieved by Blizzard through its Warcraft games by making a strong trade name so as when the quality spreads between narrows due to roll uping and symmetric assorted bundling, monetary values and net incomes lessening but societal public assistance and consumer excess addition. This besides affects quality when distinction is a symmetric across Blizzard merchandises as may perplex pricing and net incomes which can be strategically emerge due to independence that assorted bundling creates. 0.3.5 Infinite assortment Human creativeness and competiveness for market portion is based on productiveness on Warcraft games all right humanistic disciplines, research and development plays a major function in underline procedure on new merchandise development and assortment e.g. based on use and characteristics, an administration can make merchandises based on assortments upon carry oning a market research and good understand the mark market, nevertheless engineering derives demands high every twenty-four hours. The production can be enticed on assorted cultural involvements to custom while gross revenues and purchase can be derived from the field of humanistic disciplines and civilization in the value concatenation. In this instance relationship direction is critical for success. It besides calls for investing on advertizements to make consciousness and remind consumers of new and existing merchandises, the medium for advertizement and pick of publication will besides depend on targeted audience in relati on to cost. With a assortment of merchandise available to consumers supported by strong trade name will make a competitory border. However to understand client BASIC besides require trained staff e.g. in engineering and client relationship direction which plays a major function and affects the positions of client of the Gods and services. 0.4 Pure Public Good The last offering of Warcraft games merchandises variant to the terminal user should be of quality. Availability of the merchandise might intend that ingestion of a merchandise by an person does non cut down handiness of the merchandises for ingestion by others and no consumer should be excluded from utilizing the merchandise globally, most merchandises might non sell good in the state of beginning but does so internationally. 0.5 Cost of Production The cost of production is the investing in resources that goes into a merchandise, eg capital, revenue enhancement and labor, when puting monetary values it is border added that should retrieve these investing, most sellers add mark-up monetary value or full cost pricing 0.6 Exclusive Devicess Denies private waiters by utilizing holding media governments to close them devouring them down. This is a critical function of the administration in value concatenation to guarantee the Wargame consumers are protected ; it is besides a necessity to supervise Wargame participants to acquire to cognize the tendencies on operations and even eschewing down unrealistic traders. 0.7 Copyrights and rational belongingss The universe has been witnessing much of counterfeited merchandises by scrupulous traders taking advantage of incognizant consumers, with this it is critical for Warcraft games to hold a strong trade name and protected holding under right of first publications and rational act under amusement Torahs, holding sophisticated package s and hardware s is besides necessary unscrupulous trading and violation and guarantee there is no misdemeanor of act. ( Digital Millennium Copyright Act ) Harmonizing to Throsby in 2003, he argues that due to cultural goods are contained advanced merchandises which is a manifestation of rational belongings, and be able to convey some kind of symbolic significance. He argues that the Godhead of cultural industries can follow a more laissez faire manner of direction, this is likely to assist avoid gait of work by Godheads and the environment rigidness and hardening. 0.8 Features of the Digital Games Industry 0.8.1Process of Production The package development procedure by which picture games are produced is called Game development. Well made games are a signifier of creative activity and they generate net income to the company and the person who comes up with the thought and they are normally founded by a publishing house. It is really of import to gauge the fiscal demands of the game so that one does non transcend the allocated budget. Inventions are of extreme importance to the publishing house as net incomes can non be got from imitations of other people s work. Due to the trouble in get downing a new company because of the high initial capital required, insouciant and nomadic game market has come up leting developers with smaller squads to come in the market, and when they become financially stable they develop larger games. The thought or construct is the root to Game development, production, and design which is normally a alteration of an existing game. Interior designers try out different combinations of gen res to come up with the best game. The game proposal papers contains the construct, game drama, feature list, puting and the narrative, mark audience, staff and budget estimations. Game design and development depends on a specific company because different companies have different formal processs and doctrines. 0.8.2 Risk Management There is hazard involved in games development undertakings, The traditional manner of covering with hazard is to disregard it and do up for it with overtime, or to embroider your undertaking continuances and milepost day of the months if possible, publishing houses, nevertheless, the lone manner that one can avoid hazard is when the game undertaking is a no-brainer and you have a seasoned squad with ample resorts, experience and engineering to carry through the undertaking. This is because they want to see that hazard was assessed in the pre-production stage to guarantee that safeguards were taken before the start of the undertaking or everything is under control in site of the many hazards. Mangers can besides asses hazard. Hazards that one identifies do non needfully stop up in the agenda but may act upon the manner things are done, who does the work or the solutions chosen for execution. The publishing house developer relationships should be honest. Hazards are normally found in a start up company or an established company. The appraisal of hazard normally entails bring forthing a list of possible jobs and likely impacts they may hold on the agenda. Hazards can be proficient and can besides be found in art and design. There are processs necessary when seting together a hazard appraisal. All hazards will non stop up being reflected on the agenda. Hazards and undertakings should non be confused. Risk direction is a good manner to place some research that ought to be done during pre-production. Particular characteristics or undertakings that are experimental in nature are associated with hazards. 0.8.3 Reducing Hazard A good appraisal describes back-up programs and explores other possible solutions that would cut down or extinguish the hazard. Some hazards can merely be mitigated by accounting for them in a maestro agenda while others can be reduced by other ways such as ; Extinguishing the design or altering the design. Strive to maintain it simple. Put your best people at work Pre-purchase your equipment. Check out other programs that might be a less gamble. Always have a backup program 0.9 Double merchandise market ( media good and entree to audience ) Picard ( 1989 ) explains that media industries are alone in that they function on double merchandise. That means although media companies produce one merchandise they participate in two separate good and service markets, this varies harmonizing, mark markets which varies on political, legal, economic, technological and environmental factors ( PESTEL ) 10 PRICE TO EARNING RATION 10.1 Price to Earnings Ratio = Price / Earnings Per Share ( EPS ) Share monetary value determines market strength of a company in a comparative economic system ; it is the step of monetary value relation to the one-year net income earned by the house by portion. PE ratio shows the current investor demands for a company portion, when the PE ratio is high it indicates increasing demand as investors anticipate net incomes growing in future, it besides show how much an investor is ready to pay on a one dollar of net incomes. PE ratio has figure of old ages that can be interpreted as clip taken to pay back purchase monetary value and can be calculated on appraisal of following twelvemonth s net incomes per portion. 11. THE WAY THE ORGANISATION WORKS 11.1 Final merchandise ever reflects a wow manner This is normally done to guarantee that the World of art is alone and typical. To accomplish this, the creative persons and manufacturers must travel through the art manager to help them concentrate on a wider scoop or wider shoulders and spikes to maintain the art manner WoWish. 11.2The administration has constrains and ends Cultural merchandises need a batch of money to bring forth, hence the administration has no clip to easy bring forth one merchandise by one because of the demand to maximize net incomes. The more the company produces the easier for them to interrupt even. A good illustration is in the production of Starcraft 2 and wow where the catastrophe went on at the same time. the term catastrophe is the 3rd enlargement for World of Warcraft. 11.2 Employees Blizzard which creates Warcraft games is more predictable and this leads to a larger nucleus squad than contract workers one of the grounds why this is because they want to maintain the rational belongingss within the company and because they hire on undertaking to project footing. Most of the employees are extremely educated and passionate since they are creative persons and coders so they do it with passion. To avoid many hazards and costs, workers have to maintain themselves updated with the new package s and engineering in the market. Decision The creative person creativeness as the cardinal merchandise remains at the Centre of cultural merchandises, nevertheless related services such as digitisation through outgrowth of new engineerings and invention is determining consumer behavior, in expectancy of these engineerings there is a displacement of computing machine games lovers concentrating attending on to originative potencies of the emerging medium, globalisation has opened up markets increasing competitory. An chance for creative persons to draw a bead on towards consistent growing and develop more in-depth cognition has eloped in industry games. The aspect revolves around the creativeness, invention and consumer experience. Merchandise fond regards are built-in for the development of cultural merchandise composed of beliefs and behaviors chiefly based on incorporate forms on human cognition can be centre phase and symbolic points for societal acquisition.

The distinctive disclosure is ... free essay sample

The distinctive disclosure is anticipated from things of wage and cost that are of such size, nature or event that their diverse disclosure is vital to clear up the execution of the component for the period. Presentation may be on the substance of the wage decree or in the notes. IFRS does not use or portray the term wonderful things. US GAAP: The term wonderful things isnt used, yet significant things are revealed freely on the substance of the compensation clarification while getting in contact at pay from exercises, and furthermore being depicted in the notes. Exceptional things IFRS: Prohibited. US GAAP: These are portrayed as being both uncommon and interesting. Exceptional things are unprecedented. Negative liberality rising in a business blend is created off to benefit as an uncommon get, presented freely on the substance of the compensation enunciation net of obligations. Introduction of the cost influence is either on the substance of the compensation enunciation or in the notes to the money related clarifications. We will write a custom essay sample on The distinctive disclosure is or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Declaration of saw pay and cost/Other finish wage and Statement of amassed other comprehensive wage. Presentation IFRS: Entities that present a declaration of saw wage and cost (SoRIE) are denied from showing a declaration of changes in financial specialists an incentive as a basic clarification; supplemental esteem information is given in a note. Seen wage and cost can be autonomously highlighted in the declaration of changes in financial specialists esteem if a SoRIE isnt shown as a basic verbalization. Substances that see actuarial increments and adversities from post work advantage plans in full in an incentive in the period in which they happen are required to display a SoRIE. A SoRIE ought to show up: (an) advantage or mishap for the period; (b) everything of pay and cost for the period saw direct in esteem, and the total of these things; (c) indicate wage and cost for the period (figured as the total of (an) and (b)), showing autonomously the total wholes inferable from esteem holders of the parent and to minority interest; and (d) for each portion of significant worth, the effects of changes in accounting procedures and amendments of bungles apparent according to IAS 8, Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors. 1. US GAAP: One of three possible associations may be used: a single fundamental verbalization of pay, other thorough wage and amassed other finish pay containing both net wage, other extensive wage and a push ahead of totaled other broad pay; 2. a two-explanation approach (a declaration of thorough wage and amassed other broad pay, and a declaration of wage); or 3. a separate class highlighted inside the basic enunciation of changes in speculators esteem (as under IFRS). The consolidated wholes are revealed for everything of thorough wage (amassed other finish pay). The SEC will recognize the presentation masterminded according to IFRS with no additional disclosures. Setup IFRS: The total of pay and cost apparent in the period includes net pay. The going with wage and cost things are seen particularly in esteem: 1. fair regard grabs/(hardships) shorewards and structures, subtle assets, open accessible to be acquired hypotheses and certain budgetary instruments; 2. foreign exchange translation contrasts; 3. the aggregate effect of changes in accounting approach; 4. changes in sensible estimations of certain budgetary instruments if allocated as salary bolsters, net of appraisal, and pay wall renamed to pay and additionally the pertinent upheld asset/chance; and 5. actuarial increments and hardships on described preferred standpoint outlines apparent particularly in esteem (if the component picks the option open under IAS 19, Employee Benefits, relating to actuarial increases and adversities). US GAAP: Similar to IFRS, beside that revaluations of land and structures and indistinct assets are denied under US GAAP. Actuarial increments and mishaps (when amortized out of assembled other thorough compensation) are seen through the compensation clarification.

Reason and Emotion in Hamlet

Reason and Emotion in Hamlet Free Online Research Papers Shakespeare stresses the point that humans can be polarized by reason and emotion. These two poles differ in all aspects, while both are gathered in man. Hamlet, the protagonist of Shakespeare’s greatest work, is the sample of this polarization. The emphasis in Hamlet on the control or moderation of emotion by reason is so insistent that many critics have addressed it. A seminal study is undertaken by Lily Bess Campbell in Shakespeares Tragic Heroes, Slaves of Passion. John S. Wilks, in a masterful of examination of conscience, explores the subsidence in Hamlet of virulent passion, and notes his accession to a renewed temperance achieved through chastened self-control (The Discourse of Reason: Justice and the Erroneous Conscience in Hamlet 139, 140). Shakespeare, thorough this character, tries to introduce and show this great feature of man which had been, is, and will be with human beings. As we shall find, though Hamlet is filled with references to the need for rational control of emotion, the play probes much deeper into the relation between reason and emotion-particularly with respect to the role of reason in provoking as opposed to controlling emotion. In this paper, it’s going to be noted how the task of controlling emotion by reason is problematized by Hamlet and other characters in the play. The concept of the sovereignty of reason over emotion derives from the classical definition, adopted by medieval Scholasticism, of man as the rational animal whose reason has the ethical task of rationally ordering the passions or emotional disturbances of what is formally termed the sensitive appetite (referred to by the Ghost as nature [1.5.12]) with which man, like all other animals, is endowed: All the passions of the soul should be regulated according to the rule of reason . . . (Aquinas, Summa Theologica I-II, question 39, answer 2, ad 1). Hamlet concurs, when praising Horatio [w]hose blood and judgment are so well commeddled (3.2.69): Give me that man / That is not passions slave 11 (3.2.71-72). Moreover, on other occasions Hamlet also emphasizes the need to control passion. For example, he censures both Gertrude and Claudiu s for improper surrender to the passions of concupiscence. He faults the Queen for allowing her judgment (3.4.70) to succumb to compulsive ardour (3.4.86). Through reference to the bloat King (3.4.184), Hamlet censures Claudius gluttony. Through the epithet, bawdy villain (2.2.576), Hamlet deplores the Kings lust. Indeed, Hamlet censures himself for succumbing, in the graveyard, to the irascible passion of anger: But sure the bravery of his grief did put me / Into a towring passion (5.2.78-79). Ironically, in reacting to Laertes excessive display of grief, Hamlet confronts a passion or emotion with which, through his own melancholy, he himself has been intimately associated, and whose influence on reason he recognizes, as when speculating whether the Ghost is the devil (2.2.595): . . . and perhaps, / Out of my weakness and my melancholy, / As he is very potent with such spirits, / Abuses me to damn me 12.2.596-99). There is a central paradox in Hamlets character. On the one hand, he allows emotion to provoke him to unthinkingly violent action, as when stabbing blindly at the figure hidden behind the arms or grappling with Laertes. But on the other hand, Hamlet so little trusts emotion to prod him to action that he even invokes the opposite tactic of exploiting thought as a goad of emotion: My thoughts be bloody or be nothing worth (4.4.66). Here blood and judgment are to be commeddled not, as in Horatios case, by the rational control of emotion, but by the rational arousal of emotion. Instead of disciplining emotion, here the function of thought is to excite emotion so that irrational violence results. Moreover, in Hamlet, the moral requirement to control emotion by reason is undermined in other contexts, with the result that the relation between thought and emotion is radically problematized. Levy Eric notes in Nor thexterior nor the inward man: The Problematics of Personal Identity in Hamlet that one undermining context concerns the deliberately exaggerated display of emotion demanded by the terms of honour (5.2.242), dominant in the world of the play. In this context, to be worthy is to indulge in the conspicuous expression of emotion, [w]hen honours at the stake (4.4.56). Indeed, as he admires the Players emotionally charged recitation, Hamlet berates himself for not similarly responding to the motive and the cue for passion (2.2.555), with respect to the circumstances of his fathers death: Yet I, A dull and muddy-mettled rascal, peak / Like John-a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause (2.2.561-62). Yet, the obligation to display emotion to which Hamlet here refers ironically requires intense rational control by which the character in question can convincingly force his soul to his own conceit (2.2.546), for the sake of the approval his or her performance evokes. Here the notion of rational control of emotion is reinterpreted-one might almost say parodied-to entail not the ordering or limiting of emotion, as enjoined by Christian-humanism, but the deliberately exaggerated enactment of emotion (711-716). Recourse to desperate appliance, where thought conceives emergency measures to relieve emotional distress, recurs in the world of the play. The tentative suicide project in the To be soliloquy, designed to escape heart-ache (3.1.62) is an example of this issue. The investigation of the ways in which the role of reason in controlling emotion is problematized in the world of the play can now proceed to direct consideration of relevant Aristotelian-Thomist doctrine. The purpose of the research here is first to acquire and then to apply a set of concepts which, like lenses, will allow important ideas to stand out clearly from the text so that they can be effectively analyzed. In the Aristotelian-Thomist paradigm, each entity or existent tends toward an end or purpose: Every agent, of necessity, acts for an end (1-11, q. 1, a. 2, resp.). This tending toward an end is called inclination, and it follows the nature of the being concerned. In beings with no power of apprehension or perception, inclination is governed by inherent form. Aquinas elucidates: some inclination follows every form; for example, fire, by its form, is inclined to rise, and to generate its like (I, q. 80, a. 1, resp.). In beings with apprehensive powers, inclination presupposes both an apprehensive or knowing power and a corresponding appetitive power or faculty of desire. In animals, the apprehensive power involves sense perception (what Aquinas terms sensitive apprehension) and the corresponding appetitive or desiring power is called the sensitive appetite, through which the animal is able to desire what it apprehends, and not only that to which it is inclined by its natural form (I, q . 80, a. 1, resp.; I, q. 80, a. 1, resp.). In man, the apprehensive power is reason, and the corresponding appetitive power is the will or intellectual appetite. Aquinas summarizes these distinctions compactly: in the intellectual nature there is to be found a natural inclination coming from the will; in the sensitive nature, according to the sensitive appetite; but in a nature devoid of knowledge, only according to the tendency of the nature to something (I, q. 60, a. 1, resp.). Hence, in the Aristotelian-Thomist paradigm, appetite (whether sensitive or intellectual) is moved by some mode of apprehension: The movement of the appetitive power follows an act of the apprehensive power (I-II, q. 46, a. 2, resp.). That is, inclination or appetitive movement toward an end presupposes prior awareness (whether through sense perception or thought) of the end to be approached. This point is crucial to understanding the relation between reason and emotion. For as we shall now clarify, in the Aristotelian-Thomist paradigm the task of reason to control emotion is complicated by its role in provoking emotion. The researcher takes the first step toward understanding this dual role of reason with respect to emotion by noting that emotion or passion is here defined as a movement of the sensitive appetite: Passion is a movement of the sensitive appetite when we imagine good or evil; in other words, passion is a movement of the irrational soul, when we think of good or evil (Aquinas quoting Damascene in Summa Theologica I-II, q. 22, a. 3, resp.). Thus construed as a movement of the sensitive appetite respectively toward or away from whatever is suitable (Aquinas generic definition of good) or whatever is repugnant (Aquinas generic definition of evil), emotion entails an appetitive response which, to interpolate Gilsons masterful phrasing, itself presupposes the apprehension of an object which is of interest to the life of the body (I-11, q. 29, a. 1, resp.; Gilson, Christian Philosophy 272).4 In the case of animals other than man, this apprehension of the appetitive object entails such faculti es as sense perception and estimation (a power of rudimentary judgment). But in man, the sensitive appetite is ultimately moved by reason or the cogitative power: the cognitive power moves the appetite by representing its object to it (II-II, q. 158, a. 2, resp.). In the Aristotelian-Thomist paradigm, reason not only controls emotion but also provokes it. The role of reason in provoking emotion appears most clearly in the Aristotelian-Thomist notion of sorrow, a passion which Aquinas generically defines as pain which is caused by an interior apprehension for act of mental awareness] (I-II, q. 35, a. 2, resp.). Aquinas distinguished two kinds of pain-outward and inward. The first is sensory; the second (which causes sorrow) is mental: outward pain arises from an apprehension of sense, and especially of touch, while inward pain arises from an interior apprehension, of the imagination or of the reason (I-II, q. 35, a. 7, resp.). Since outward pain is apprehended by the senses (a faculty which all animals possess), while inward pain is perceived by the mind (the distinguishing attribute of man), inward pain is more intense than outward: inward pain surpasses outward pain because the apprehension of reason and imagination is of a higher order tha n the apprehension of the sense of touch (I-II, q. 35, a. 7, resp.). That is, the greater intensity of inward pain, in comparison with outward pain, results from the fact that, unlike outward pain, inward pain is not a sensory, but a mental event. Construed as a feeling, inward pain is registered in the heart: And I am sick at heart (1.1.9). But it is equally appropriate to locate inward pain in the mind (3.1.57); for without thought (i.e. the operation of reason or imagination), there is no inward pain. In Hamlet, thought or interior apprehension not only engenders inward pain (as postulated in the Aristotelian-Thomist system), but tends also, as we have seen, to brood on the need to terminate that pain. An emphasis on the need to understand inward pain appears in Hamlets allusion to his melancholy: I have of late, but wherefore I know not, lost all my mirth . . . (2.2.295-96). In contrast to the AristotelianThomist dispensation where inward pain results from thought, Hamlets inward pain provokes him to focus his thought on understanding inward pain in order to eliminate it. But ironically, insofar as inward pain, by definition, derives from thought, the only way to eliminate the pain is to recognize and consequently change the mode of thinking which causes it. That is, to understand inward pain is to understand how thought contributes to it. The implications of the relation between inward pain and thought can be deepened by reference to the To be soliloquy. The great irony of that speech concerns the pale cast of thought (3.1.85). Hamlet castigates thought for inhibiting the implementation of an enterprise (suicide) designed to eliminate inward pain. But as the examples just cited suggest, the proper means of allaying inward pain is not recourse to desperate appliance (Claudius term), conceived by thought under the influence of emotional pain, but modification of the mode of thought creating that pain. Further consideration of the To be soliloquy will clarify this point. For according to the argument (3.2.227) there presented, to be involves inevitable and varied modes of heart-ache (3.1.62) which problematize the value of life, and make death seem more appealing. In this context, to restore value to life-to make life worth living for its own sake, and not merely for the sake of avoiding the ills in death we know not of (3.1.81)-is to adopt a mode of thought which does not maximize inward pain. A further problem arises with respect to preoccupation with inward pain. In the Aristotelian-Thomist synthesis, inward pain seeks relief through outward expression; for without such release, inward pain intensifies: Tears and groans naturally assuage sorrow because a hurtful thing hurts yet more if we keep it shut up, because the soul is more intent on it; but if it be allowed to escape, the souls intention is dispersed as it were on outward things, so that the inward sorrow is lessened. This is why when men, burdened with sorrow, make outward show of their sorrow, by tears or groans or even by words, their sorrow is assuaged (I-II, q. 38, a. 2, resp.). But recourse to outward expression for the relief of inward pain can subject its audience to tremendous strain and can moreover, if sufficiently forceful, become inflammatory. A relevant example concerns the emotional upheaval provoked by the deliberately exaggerated display of emotion demanded by the theatrical imperative dominant, as earlier noted, in the world of the play: Make mad the guilty and appal the free, I Confound the ignorant, and amaze indeed / The very faculties of eyes and ears (2.2.558-60). Another example concerns Hamlets false madness. Through it, he gives unrestrained vent to inward pain regarding moral corruption, regardless of the shattering effect of his words on his auditors. YET, Lily Bess explaines that Hamlets thinking process also has positive implications. For through it, on many occasions, he moves beyond the mode of thought causing inward pain. The most remarkable expression of positive development in Hamlets thinking concerns his frequent association with a higher power of intellection than that which mere thinking can achieve. For example, on hearing from the Ghost the secret of Claudius crime, Hamlet responds: O my prophetic soul (1.5.41). Later, when Claudius hints of purposes of which Hamlet is ignorant, Hamlet responds: I see a cherub that sees them (4.3.50, 51). This situation implies the inverse of the Freudian notion of the unconscious. For here the crucial level of mental activity operates, not beneath conscious awareness, but above it. In other words, Hamlets cognitive activity recalls what the Augustinian epistemological tradition (continued in High Scholasticism by St. Bonaventure) calls illumination, wherein a higher power of rational ity informs or illumines a lower one, enabling it to know that which is beyond its proper power of intellection (Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes, Slaves of Passion 80-83). According to Aquinas, inward pain which is caused by the apprehension of an unforeseeable evil or source of harm is called anxiety: because [they] cannot be foreseen . . . future misfortunes are feared, and fear of this kind is called anxiety (I-II, q. 42, a. 4, resp.). Another name for this type of inward pain is perplexity: anxiety which weighs on the mind, so as to make escape seem impossible is also called perplexity (I-II, q. 35, a. 8, resp.). The first scene of Hamlet dramatizes a world charged with precisely this kind of anxiety or perplexity, with respect to the omen coming on ( 1.1126). Here, that which is unforeseeable pertains to future misfortunes (to requote Aquinas term), which are independent of the mind, and can be neither anticipated nor deflected by it. But the most celebrated expression in the play of anxiety or perplexity regarding the inability to escape future misfortunes is the To be soliloquy, which concerns the inward pain caused by apprehending the inevitability of outrageous fortune (3.1.58). In that soliloquy, anxiety or perplexity (in the Thomist sense of these terms) regarding future misfortunes in life is compounded by anxiety or perplexity regarding future misfortunes in death: For in sleep of death what dreams may come (3.1.66). Perhaps the most spectacular instance in the play of thought provoking emotion concerns Hamlets stratagem to catch the conscience of the King (2.2.601) through performance of a drama which duplicates the crime of which the Ghost has accused him. In Thomistic doctrine, conscience is construed as nothing else than the application of knowledge to some action, and as such can provoke powerful emotion, such as remorse (I-11, q. 19, a. 6, resp.). Claudius reaction after watching a truncated performance of The Murder of Gonzago is a case in point: O, my offense is rank, it smells to heaven (3.3.36). Insofar as thinking moves the appetite and thus provokes emotion, it is crucial that thinking itself be properly ordered. The highest task of conscience in Hamlet concerns the moral evaluation not only of the objects of thought or apprehension, but also of the act of thinking about those objects. Indeed, Hamlet foregrounds this problem when criticizing his own thinking about revenge: Now whether it be / Bestial oblivion, or some craven scruple / Of thinking too precisely on thevent (4.4.39-40). Thus, the relation between reason and emotion in the play cannot here be summed up in the Thomistic dictum, quoted earlier, that [all the passions of the soul should be regulated according to the rule of reason . . . (I-II, q. 39, a. 2, ad 1). There remains the responsibility of thought to recognize the emotional consequences of its own activity. Aquinas, St. Thomas. Summa Theologica. Trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. New York: Benziger Brothers, 1952. Aristotle. Nichomachean Ethics, The Basic Works of Aristotle. Ed. Richard McKeon. Trans. W. D. Ross. New York: Random House, 1941. Campbell, Lily Bess. Shakespeares Tragic Heroes, Slaves of Passion. New York: Barnes Noble, 1961. Levy, Eric P. Nor thexterior nor the inward man: The Problematics of Personal Identity in Hamlet. University of Toronto Quarterly 68.3 (1999): 711-27. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Cedric Watts. London: Wordsworth Classics, 1992. Wilks, John S. The Discourse of Reason: Justice and the Erroneous Conscience in Hamlet. Shakespeare Studies 18 (1986): 117-44. Research Papers on Reason and Emotion in HamletHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationCapital PunishmentResearch Process Part OneMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementBringing Democracy to Africa

Sustainable Supply Chains Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sustainable Supply Chains - Research Paper Example A more comprehensive definition of sustainability encompasses all three foundations of sustainability, including the people, economy and the environment. If only the social and environmental development is taking place that is referred to as â€Å"bearable† (Chick and Micklethwaite). If only the social and economic development is taking place, that is referred to as â€Å"equitable†, whereas, if only the environmental and economic development takes places, that is referred to as â€Å"viable† (Chick and Micklethwaite). Sustainability occurs only when all three dimensions develop simultaneously; that is, it is bearable, equitable and viable. A significant driver of this initiative is the government. The government can come up with measures such as environmental labels, licenses and product design guidelines (New Zealand Council for Sustainable Development). There are already a number of regulations in place for sustainability. These include U.S. Farm security and rural investment act (2002), European Union’s Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), China ROHS, E.U. Cosmetics directive, E.U. Packaging Directive, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and REACH. In addition there are International Standards such as WRAP, FLA, ICTI CARE, ISO 14000 and ISO 26000 for addressing environmental causes (Business for Social Responsibility). For successfully realizing a sustainable supply chain, an organization needs to go through five major steps. The first if Business Case Development which requires looking at the external environment and study case studies of companies which have done so successfully in the past. An analysis should be done of the differences before and after this implementation (United Nations Global Impact). These initiatives have to be driven by the top management. After this study a commitment has to be made by the board members to work on the same. The second is â€Å"Risk, Gap and Scope assessment† wh ich appreciates the fact that the sustainable supply chain initiative has a number of risks which could have a short term impact on finances or new operational bottlenecks. These risks have to be listed and mitigation plans have to be developed. A gap analysis between the current state and future state is required so that efforts could be made to bridge the gap. It is also essential to decide the scope of the initiative at this stage in line with organizational strategies and priorities (United Nations Global Impact). The third step is Supply chain identification which requires an internal assessment of the firm’s supply chain. The position that the company’s supply chain holds relative to other supply chains needs to be assessed (New Zealand Council for Sustainable Development). The next step is Implementation. In this step, the expectations of the organization are communicated to suppliers, distributors and all other partners in the upstream and downstream supply cha ins. Internal operations are realigned to adjust to the new priorities. The organizations try to build strategic partnerships if required to realize its goals. These may include partnerships with third party logistic providers, IT outsourcing firms, consultants and so on (Nunes, Junior and Ramos). Next, Measurement is done whereby new metrics have to be introduced to track performance on

Kant's Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals Essay

Kant's Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals - Essay Example attributes concerning this proposition, he specifically delineates immaturity as the initial stage at which an unenlightened man is to be found then only by finding courage with reason can an individual attain to the state of competence and abolish ignorance. Kant argues that â€Å"our will is good when it is determined by reason† and the courage serves as a fuel toward the execution of reason. On this ground, humans are summoned to acknowledge responsibility by way of paying courage worth on initiating to acquire the pertinent means to discern oneself and create appropriate ethical response to the world. The power of reason is crucial and Kant promotes it for the sake of enlightenment much as he adheres to the power of reason for the purpose of obeying the dictates of universal law. Reflecting after this regard, I believe that the philosopher in his time desires to bring across resolution to the chaotic nature of man under the governance of reasoning so that a man discovers the potential advantage of being rational. For one to realize the value attached with duty, Kant likely conveys the requirement to appreciate reason. Moreover, he seems to try to make sense of reason in the light of distinguishing an action that comes from the pure intention to perform duty from an action that emerges out of self-interest or inclination. Here, Kant calls for the need to understand how reason manages to sustain enlightenment in human and in turn, the enlightened condition naturally opts for a deed with moral quality. A man whose well-being has reached such an extent of intellect or thought can be expected to act based on the so-called ‘maxim’ with the basic principle that â€Å"the moral action is to do one’s duty†. This I suppose is equivalent to claiming that a morally conscious person is one who has been refined in the process of enlightenment out of which proceeds the imperative of goodwill. Practically speaking, our experience of the world reveals that it is

Speech - Business and Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Speech - Business and Economy - Essay Example Larger companies with established brands could use outsourced products rather than manufacturing them and could sell the products with the help of advertising and branding efforts. Companies that create more brands offer more values to the customers. Next, let us turn our attention to branding. Branding is a process of value creation among the various stakeholders groups. It helps an organisation to keep its employees motivated and associated, it helps vendors and partners to create a positive image and establish relationship and most importantly it helps to create a positive image among the target consumer groups in order to motivate them for their purchasing and repeat purchasing decisions. It has affected the economies in various ways. The small companies and manufacturers are largely impacted by the branding efforts of large companies. The purchase decisions of consumers are largely impacted by branding. Companies take their branding decisions very seriously as any wrong decision may kill the brand. Many a time when any crisis comes many prestigious companies have adopted different strategies to maintain their brand name. For instance, Johnson and Johnson responded to depreciation in its product-tampering crisis by recalling and replacing its products, which turns around the situation.

The Personification Of Food In Literature

The Personification Of Food In Literature Since food is created from recipes that have been passed down from one generation to the next, the art of cooking was taught by mothers to daughters, they reawaken the past by reminiscence. It is not a surprise that we find frequent references to the epitome of human characteristics in novels of magic realism, such as Kitchen and Like Water for Chocolate. Food in literature can be used as symbolism for many aspects of things, but its most likely that it represents the ideal voice of a character or the personality of themselves. This is because certain aspects of a character reveal themselves in the personal choices of consuming food and the effects afterwards on the characters. Since eating consists of numeral pre-activities to be performed; the preservation, preparation, presentation, and performance of food as well as the food product itself is what leads characters to behave ambiguously. More abstractly, in addition to giving insights within a character, both Yoshimoto and Esquive l use food to symbolize significant relationships amongst the characters and the association in fact or thought. Therefore, by analyzing the human attributes given to food, we can gain insights into numerous ideas that the writers are exemplifying. This paper will compare the ways in which food is used for the above purposes in both novels. Early in Kitchen we are shown a brief introduction to the main character Mikage and her adoration for the kitchen. Mikage is portrayed as a caring and generous character through her food preparation activities and presentation. While preparing food for others, she upholds a feeling of contentment and happiness because the warmth of food and the company of her loved ones. We see that through the death of Mikages grandmother whose death has left a heavy impact on her. She describes to have slept in the kitchen after her grandmothers death, which indicates her association with warmth and food was what she needed to comfort her worried soul: Steeped in a sadness so great I could barely cry, shuffling softly in gentle drowsiness, I pulled my futon into the deathly silent gleaming kitchen. Wrapped in a blanket, like Linus, I slept. The hum of the refrigerator kept me from thinking of my loneliness. There, the long night came on in perfect peace, and morning came. Furthermore, being a culinary teachers assistant, Mikage has a particularly refined taste for food and always seems able to make eating an event that upholds optimism and hope under any circumstances. She makes it a social experience for Yuichi, an acquaintance of her grandmothers funeral whos family Mikage goes to live with after her grandmothers death. He had been mournful after his own mothers death and Mikage had prepared a magnificent feast in order to cheer him up. And its true that for the whole summer I went about it with a crazed enthusiasm: cooking, cooking, and cooking. I poured all my earnings from my part-time job into it, and if something came out wrong Id do it over till I got it right. Angry, fretful or cheery, I cooked through it all. (56) Mikage is also shown to reveal her inner emotions through the use of preservation and presentation of food to express her sincerity and concern. As a young woman who had been taught by her grandmother to cook, she does not limit herself to only traditional recipes. She prepares food with vast quantities of materials and tries to expand on her options of cooking a good meal. She questions her love for the kitchen, Perhaps to me a kitchen represents some distant longing engraved on my soul. As I stood there, I seemed to be making a new start; something was coming back (56). The intensity of culinary had given her opportunities to express her inner feelings and to maintain a steady relationship with the people in her life. Mikage prefers finely detailed meals which consist of dishes with lots of color and shapes, reflecting her personality within the final product. Her preservation of food reflects her thoughts and concerns for the people in her life, such as her friendship with Yuichi. She identifies his loneliness and sets out to be a better friend by Finding myself standing alone in the standing alone in the street, close to midnight, belly pleasantly full, a hot takeout container of katsudon in my hands, completely bewildered as to how to proceed. (93) From this we can perceive the importance of friendship from Mikages generosity of supplying food for a friend. On contrary, Yuichi is grateful of having Mikage in his life and the food would taste so good because he feels loved and happy amongst his isolation. It is exactly the notion that distinguishes Mikage from other characters in Kitchen. Though Mikage also has a humble taste for food that shes accustomed to, The food was so delicious, and I realized how very, very hungry I was. It occurred to me I always enjoyed what I ate when I was with him. How wonderful it is, I thought (142). In contrast to other characters in the book, Mikage does not care for her social environment. This is evident in which she describes her eating experiences with Yuichi, her very close friend. This shows that Yuichi has bonded with a person who cares very much about him through her expressive eating behavior. The affectionate attitude to food is related to their genuine friendship, and more specifically, conveying their emotions. In a cafà ©, sensible Mikage drank tea with Yuichi, confessing that it was their first time sitting down in such a setting, Yuichi bluntly blurts out Mikages feelings about her grandmothers death versus his feelings towards his mothers death. The literal description of Mikages profoundly response was Yuichi, the fact that youre relaxed enough with me now to tell me how youre really feeling is a source of comfort to me. It makes me very happy. So happy I feel like shouting it from the rooftops (76). It can be interpreted metaphorically with tea being a symbol for relaxation but conveys acknowledgement between people. Contrariwise, Mikages goal in a genuine friendship is shown in her attitude towards her association with food. When she began to sob audibly, everyone in the place turned to stare at her. Chikas shoulders jerked spasmodically, racked with grief. Tear s fell into her soup (86). Again, the fundamental presentation of food is associated with emotions and memoirs. Mikage, who witnesses his touching scenario can identify that the human heart is unquestionably precious and genuine. The human nature of Mikage shows itself in the reply: the experiences of the last months had changed me. In the mirror I could see only a trace of the spoiled princess I had been, the one who took Eriko for granted. I was so far from that now (87). The death of a friend led her to realization that it was too late to say goodbye. Experiencing a similar fate to Mikage, Tita shows her affections through her preparation and presentation of food. However, she is denied of love from her mother and she is used as a tool to compensate the happiness of the rest of family members while not being able to experience her own. While all the food she prepares does not center on her, most of it was having to do with her entity. So it seemed that Tita was destined from the very beginning to learn the traits of cooking since birth, allowing her emotional connection to the food she cooked later in her life as a form of realism. The establishment of traditional recipes being handed down from one generation to the next is relevant to Tita and her emotions. Since her mother has denied her marriage to Pedro, her lover; he has brought her roses which she used for their family dinner. A sense of alchemical process, this is ominously displayed at the dinner: with that meal it seemed they had discovered a new system of communication , in which Tita was the transmitter, Pedro the receiver and poor Gertrudis the medium, the conducting body through which the singular sexual message was passed (52). Her resilient behavior concerning her preparation of food and drinks shows her frustration and insatiable character; on her knees, was bent over the grinding stone, moving in slow regular rhythm, grinding the almonds and sesame seeds (67). Tita finds her sexual satisfaction in passionately committing adultery with Pedro and this is symbolized by the eating of rose petal quail. Without any mention of romantic love, the presentation of food reflects the intensifying emotions during the preparation. This example adds to Titas profile to have affectionate characteristics. The way that food can be used as a literary effect is evidence in both novels Kitchen and Like Water for Chocolate, Yoshimoto and Esquivel seem to share a similar view on the literary use of food symbolism. The reason that something as generalized as food comes to represent the characters and their need to transform the food with their own emotions. Instead of describing directly what kind of character one is or stating how the plot will develop, both authors use the personification of food to convey the ideas. It is this sort of literary technique that makes a novel enduring.

Summary Response of the Earth Is Full

In his article, The Earth Is Full, Friedman (2011) begins by stating that in recent years, first decade of 21st century, humanity encounters dangers that threaten humanity and the nature because of their unconcerned behaviors. Economic problems, high growing population rate and natural disasters compel humans to question about those recent years. The writer then moves on to the veteran Australian environmentalist-entrepreneur Paul Gilding and his book, Gilding, P. (2011) The Great Disruption: Why the climate crisis will bring on the end of shopping and the birth of a new world. More Summary of Devil at My HeelsNew York: Bloomsbury Press. Gilding (2011) discusses how much land and water area humanity needs to produce the resources they consume and absorb their waste. According to Gilding (2011), earth is growing at a dangerous rate and points out that over-used resources and worsening ecologic environment damage to social and economic system. Friedman reports the current growth rate is 150 percent of earth’s sustainable capacity and states that excessive use of resources and too much waste that creates the problem, â€Å"The Earth Is Full. He mentions about two loops; first, population growth and global warming push up food prices, which leads to political instability, which leads to higher oil prices, which leads to higher food prices, and so on in a insurmountable circle. Second, higher productivity means fewer jobs, which requires humans to produce more sources to create jobs. The more sources create global warming. Afterwards, the writer turns hi s attention to possible solutions. The solutions are discussed by giving Gilding’s eco-optimist view. In the article, also it is stated that economic systems are not changed without a crisis.Friedman (2011) states that â€Å"But don’t worry, we’re getting there. † Finally, Friedman prefers to use quotations from Gilding who say nations are heading for a crisis-driven choice and develop a new sustainable economic model slowly. Global warming, starvation, worsening ecological environment, exhaustion of resources, too much waste and the conflict between humanity and nature are very current and serious problems of the entire world. In the article these problems are discussed based on the fundamental source of the problems, high population rate. Also, based on Sullivan, M. 1999) Population control: How many are too many? , she states â€Å" Global warming, the thinning of the ozone layer, increasing crime rates, toxic chemicals in our food, and starvation in developing nations, each of which is at least partially due to growing world population† (Sullivan, 1999). According to that paper, there are now 5. 8 billion human beings on the planet now, and according to the United Nations, the population of earth is expected to grow to around 7. 9 billion by 2050. According to statistics, it is clear that growth rate is too much for the earth and causes a huge instability.In the article, Friedman, T. (2011) The Earth Is Full, some economic models are taken in hand as a basis for the solution. However, the damages that high population brings cannot be dispelled only with economic systems. Also, political systems must be developed and humans must be made conscious about all of those problems. †¢Friedman, T. (2011) The earth is full. NYT †¢Gilding, P. (2011) The Great Disruption: Why the climate crisis will bring on the end of shopping and the birth of a new world. New York: Bloomsbury Press. †¢Sullivan, M. (1999) Population c ontrol: How many are

“If I Had A Choice” By Walt Whitan Essay

Wave resemblance in Walt Whitman’s â€Å"If I Had the Choice† Although not rhythmically or metrically consistent throughout, Walt Whitman’s poem â€Å"If I Had the Choice† is very consistent in its attempt to resemble the characteristics, specifically the waves, of the sea; whether read, heard, or seen, the poem’s adaptation to a wave’s nature is clearly evident. Whitman’s use of repeated, but not uniform, rhythm in the poem exposes the â€Å"up and down† nature of waves, while the sudden, drastic change in rhythm helps depict the crashing of a wave. The metrical variation in the poem similarly attributes to the resemblance of a wave, for it goes hand in hand with the length of each line, giving the poem the physical characteristics of a wave. While the there is no metrical consistency throughout the poem (probably done because no two waves are identically alike), there is a noticeable pattern and consistency in the rhythm of the poem. The consecutive use of iambs in the first five lines of the poem help to not only emphasize the steady motion of the sea, but more importantly to give the poem a sense of the â€Å"up and down† motion of the waves in the sea; the pattern of unstressed/stressed/unstressed/stressed syllables in every line is very similar to the up and down undulation of a wave. The shift from the iambic rhythm in lines one through five to a â€Å"loud,† sudden spondee in line six clearly depicts the image of a wave crashing. The spondaic rhythm (stress/stress) of the first two words in line six, â€Å"These, these,† is an unexpected, drastic change from the prior unstressed/stressed pattern. Similar to the crashing of a wave, this change was drastic, and quick; it does not last long, hence the reason for the poem’s quick return to an iambic rhythm. The poem’s last three lines are once again consistently iambic; they are back to the quiet, pacific motion of waves in the sea. Just as the height of a wave affects the power of a wave, the meter of this poem affects it’s rhythm. Although there is no specific pattern for the number of feet per line in this poem, the meter is still greatly significant. When broken up iambically, the number of feet increase steadily from line one to four, until we reach line five, the longest (10 feet) line. The length of line five is significantly important in portraying the nature of waves; it is representative of the amplitude of a wave before it is about  to crash. Line five is ten feet long because it is followed by line six, the line in which there was a sudden rhythmical change, which portrayed the crashing of the wave. Once it crashes, the waves return to their prior size, just as the following lines of the poem go back to having the same range of feet as they did before line five. The alternating number of feet per line also allow the poem’s structure to resemble a wave; no two waves are similar in frequency (height) or amplitude (width), just as no two sentences of this poem are identical in length. As the lines approach the middle of the poem, they get longer, and then begin decreasing in size after they reached the longest point, line five. Since line five, the middle of the poem, is the longest line, when held sideways, this line is representative of the middle of a wave, it’s highest point right before it crashes. By using rhythm and meter skillfully, this poem is successful in imitating the rhythm of the sea, and the â€Å"meter† of the waves in the sea. In doing this, Whitman makes a very distinctive point; rhythm and meter affect each other, just as the height of a wave affects it’s crash. This relationship is evident whether one reads, sees or hears this poem.

Strategic Thinking And Change Management The WritePass Journal

Strategic Thinking And Change Management Abstract Strategic Thinking And Change Management ). Threat of substitutes With intense competition in the Market, there is a potential threat of substitute products. In fact, as Netflix and Blockbuster battle it out, others are gaining ground in substitute offerings as seen with Video-on-demand which has grown at double digit rates in the past two years. Bargaining power of suppliers Suppliers are likely to have less purchase power especially given the acquisition of Movielink. If this acquisition leads to more online downloads, the company will have little need for plastic cases and DVDs and as such, the bargaining power of suppliers is likely to reduce (Janjua 2012). Intensity of competitive rivalry The rivalry in the market is definitely high. Already, Blockbuster has lost many of its customers to Netflix. The company must reinvent and implement strategies that would sway back customers. How Blockbuster can realign itself to the needs of the external environment The corporate strategy would require the company to capitalize on innovative emergent technologies to provide it with strategic breakthroughs in the competitive business environment, while not losing sight of its in-store operations (Fryman 2010). As such, a click and brick strategy would be more suitable for the company. Blockbuster must realigns its business processes with IT and use it in their favour. In realigning their business processes with IT, the company must access the strategic alignment model in terms of purpose, initiatives, project leadership, infrastructure and goals that will create a paradigm shift (Carr 2010). The realignment process must enable the company to embrace online opportunities which Netflix and Redbox have already perfected. Realigning business process with IT (Kalakota 2011) Whilst Blockbuster seems to have already embedded IT into their core business model as seen with the total access program which enhances online customers experience, this has not helped much as the company has lost most of its customers to online retailers such as Netflix and Lovefilm .The failure by the company to quickly adapt to the changing business environment and consumer habits is suggested to have been the main problem. The company took long to transform its business model and when it did, the competitive landscape had already been fundamentally altered and the tradition model destroyed by the new platform model (Carr 2010). The company needs to conduct a massive marketing campaign which should focus on growing their online rental subscriber base. The company could also form an alliance with cell phone companies and arranging with these companies to allow customers to stream movies on their cell phones.   This would be a great idea considering that people have their cell phones all the time. With larger cell phone screens, customers would be able to stream movies from anywhere including in the subways, bus stations and even at workplaces. Viewing could be per subscription or pay-per-view (Clark et al. 2013). Another strategic move would be to partner with airline companies in order to implement a blue box program at airports such as the Redboxes at McDonalds (Jordan 2011). The blue box program would enable travelers to pick up a movie at one airport and to return it to another airport or blockbuster store. Further, the company should focus on strengthening customer relationship management by implementing a business strategy that maintains relevant value across all its customer groupings and introducing new customer proposition initiatives that would provide them with an edge over their competitors (Afuah 2009). Additionally, Blockbuster needs to implement an ERP system that will enable it to track their inventories. The system can be implemented incrementally from one region to another. This will reduce the time and duplications that the company currently has, thereby increasing efficiency. Currently, for customers to check out their movies from different blockbusters, they are required to register with each store individually.   Given that the ERP system integrates data and allows for sharing of information across multiple departments, this may benefit the company through quicker processing of orders and faster shipments. . Whilst recognizing the need to realign business process with IT, the company should not to lose sight of its in-store operations. Customers of today have become savvier and are increasingly taking charge of their own shopping experience (Deloitte 2011). Retail stores must equally evolve to become part of the complex relationship between the retailer and customer by providing new ways of experiencing breadth and depth of range (Deloitte 2011). In-store theatre and a touch and feel experience around the product item should be able to sway more consumers back to shopping in high streets. Provision of personalized services and guided shopping experience should equally encourage more consumers to go back for rental services from the stores. Critique of contemporary strategic management research and practice But while strategic thinking and change management has a greater role to play in resuscitating high street retail stores, such practices are not always successful. For example, while the ERP system may increase the efficiency and effectiveness of management decisions, failure of such systems may adversely impact on the organization resulting in cost overruns and supply chain problems (Morgan Smith 2002). Moreover, a strategy formulation that positions a firm in a niche may narrow the firm’s perspective (Mintzberg et al., 1995). That is, such a strategy may overlook opportunity if they are only concentrating on a certain group of market. Another criticism is that strategic planning systems are designed as top-down planning systems and as such strategic decisions are only relegated to top management (Morgan Smith 2002). This implies that the planning systems serve to fulfill only the goals and interests of the top management and not that of the organization. Strategic management is based on rational decision making. But because most of the time we have incomplete information, fully rational decisions may not be possible and change process may result in adverse effects (Jofre 2011). Hence whilst change management may be intended at increasing the firms adaptability, structures developed to promote rationality may have opposite effect (Jofre 2011). Nonetheless, it is clear that high street retailers need to realign their business processes to meet demands of the changing business environment. Conclusion There is no doubt that the past few years have seen a crisis as major high street chains such as Blockbusters, Jessops, JJB sport, and Comet among many others go into administration. The collapse of well-known retailers into receivership is a clear indication of a declining fortune of Britains high streets. All these retailers which have gone into administration do share certain commonalities. They all tend to have a significant number of stores and have all had difficulty adapting to the changing business environment and retail habits. For these retailers to continue to thrive in the industry, they must reinvent and realign themselves to the needs of the external environment. For example, Blockbuster needs to realign its business processes with IT and use it in their favour. The company should adopt a click and brick strategy. That is, the company must embrace online opportunities without losing sight of its in-store operations. The company could also form alliances with cell phone companies to allow customers to stream movies on their cell phones. The company may as well partner with airlines and implement a blue box programs at the airports such as the Redboxes at McDonald. The company may also implement ERP systems to increase their efficiency and effectiveness of management decisions. Its retail stores must also evolve and should be able to provide customers with new ways of experiencing breadth and depth. In-store theatre and a touch and feel experience around the product item should be able to sway more consumers back to shopping in high streets. Provision of personalized services and guided shopping experience should equally encourage more consumers to go back for rental services from the stores. Reference Afuah, A., 2009. Strategic innovation: new game strategies for competitive advantage. University of Michigan. NewYork: Routledge publishers Anon 2013. A strategy life-cycle: Blockbuster. [Viewed on 22nd May 2013] available from http://strategydynamics.com/info/blockbusters-strategy.aspx Anon, 2013. The death of the high street or the birth of a new kind of retailer? [Viewed on 19th May 2013] available from enterprisenation.com/blog/the-death-of-the-high-street-or-the-birth-of-a-new-kind-of-retailer/ Janjua, A., 2012. Make it a blockbuster night. 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