Hamlet’s Madness in Craft Essay example -- Literary Analysis

In Act I, Scene V, after hearing the ghosts implore for revenge, critical point says in advance that he will consciously feign madness while seeking the opportune moment to kill Claudius. Therefore, it is hard to conclude that he coincidentally became insane after making such a vow. Hamlets supposed madness becomes his primary way of interacting with the other characters during close to of the play, in addition to being a major device that Shakespeare uses to develop his character. Still, the question remains Is Hamlet really crazy or just pretence?The major conflict which seems obscures the possibility of obtaining clarity on the answer to this question is Hamlets inability to find any certain moral truths as he works his way toward revenge. Even in his first encounter with the ghost, Hamlet questions the appearances of things around him and worries whether he can trust his perceptions, doubting the authenticity of his finds ghost and its tragic claim. Since, he is contemplativ e to the point of obsession, Hamlets decision to feign madness will occasionally lead him dangerously close to actual madness. Indeed, one might argue that because of this conflict, it is impossible to say for certain whether or not Hamlet actually does go mad, and, if so, when his feigning becomes reality.Conversely, Hamlets sharp and targeted observations lend significant credence to his feigning madness. Most notably, he declares, I am but mad north-north-west when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw (II.ii.361362). That is to say, he is only mad when he is oriented in a certain way, but that he is lucid the rest of the time. Nevertheless, Hamlet confusion translates into an extremely intense evoke of mind that is highly suggestiv... ...mlets desire to attain Laertes pardon clearly represents an serious shift in his mental state. Whereas Hamlet was previously self-obsessed and preoccupied with his family, he is now able to think sympathetically about others. He does not go quite so far as to take responsibility for Poloniuss death, but he does seem to be acting with a broader and more gentle perspective after the shock of Ophelias death.In conclusion, perhaps it is worthwhile to ask this question if a person in a rational state of mind decides to act as if he is crazy, in order to abuse the people around him regardless of whether he loves those people or hates them, and to give save expression to all of his most antisocial thoughts, when he starts to carry those actions out, will it even be possible to say at what point he kale pretending to be crazy and starts actually being crazy?

Ode to a Grecian Urn Essay -- John Keats Poems Poetry Vases Essays

Ode to a Grecian Urn In the early 19th century it was non unusual to make a work of art,painting or sculpture a subject of a numbers. Taken literally, the verse formOde to a Grecian Urn is a poem about a vase, but Keats has invertedthe traditional understanding of physical, tangible objects andtransformed them into metaphors for abstract concepts, such as truthand time. An urn is primarily apply to preserve the ashes of the dead.The theme of the Ode, accordingly, has to do with the relationshipbetween imagination and actuality, and the supremacy and immortalityof a work of art if compared to our ordinary life. With the masterfuluse of the device of metaphoric language, Keats has created a melodic,beautifully flowing poem which well serves the purpose he gives it.Keats himself can be assumed to be the speaker, the overall setting isunknown. The tone of the poem reflects the fact that Keats seems trulyawed and astonished by the urn he considers. The poem is written inten-line iamb ic pentameter throughout, which creates a flowingrhythmic effect. The rhyme scheme is unusual, but Keats breaks theform with this five-part poem. The rhyme pattern is A - B - A - B - C- D - E - D - C - E.There is apattern of interlocking paradoxes which persist throughout theOde, contributing to its unity of thought and the development of itsmain theme (that the Urn has managed to achieve immortality). Thefirst stanza sets the pattern of paradoxes that runs throughout thepoem. Firstly in its structure, it is wear into two sections - thefirst four lines are a serial of apostrophes, personifying the urn,and addressing it in its special association to silence and time, andthe last six are a series of questions.... ...self from the urn to considerits overall significance in relation to human life and passion.Beauty is truth, truth beauty sums up the relationships describedthroughout the poem.In the poem Ode On a Grecian Urn, the poet John Keats uses languageand the object of his po em to link abstract actions and concepts tophysical, real, concrete things, in many different ways. Using iambicpentameter, and a unique rhyme scheme, Keats sets up a harmonious,delightfully fluid poem which well serves the purpose he gives it. TheOde on a Grecian Urn forthright confronts the truth that art is notnatural, like leaves on a tree, but artificial.BibliographyRomantic Writings An Anthology (1998) Oxford University PressAbrahams, M.H. A Glossary of Literary Terms (1998) doubting Thomas LearningStephen Bygrave (ed.), Romantic Writings (1996) Open University

Comparing A London fete and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge Essay

Comparing A London keep and Composed Upon Westminster BridgeA London fete and peaceful upon Westminster Bridge.I am release to be comparing two poetrys in this essay the first numbers isLondon fete which was written by a public c every last(predicate)ed Coventry Patmore thispoem is about a hanging that took place and about the effect it had onother people who watched. The second poem is composed upon Westminsterbridge by William wrangle worth which is about a man who is standing ona bridge describing the view he sees and how he feels looking at thisview.The theme to composed upon Westminster Bridge is firstly about natureand beauty and peace. It describes his view of London to be beautifuland how he feels so calm and relaxed from looking at the view. Itsnot an angry poem its sensuous. A London fete is about violence anddeath. It has an unhappy theme as it is about a man getting hanged andhow viewers are enjoying and getting adrenalin from honoring this .thetheme is really deat h and the poem is full of violence. It isntrelaxing at all as it is a negative mood.The mood in this poem is negative and dull it shows sad and violentimages which puts the mood in this poem bad. For example the poem saysthousands of eyeballs, lit with hell which creates a bad mood as itsaying people are watching and waiting with evil eyes which isnt acalm atmosphere.In Westminster Bridge the poem creates a happy positive mood as itcontains relaxing words such as all silvern and glittering in thesmoke less air which creates calm and reflects his love for nature.The mood f these two poems contrast as a London fete is a negativemood and composed upon Westminster Bridge is a positive mood.The setting to these two poets ... ...gings.He objects to the event and the effect on those who watch. It seems tobe that hes trying to show the cruelty to hangings but not just tothe person who was killed. For example two children caught and hangeda cat which shows that hes watching someone being k illed has madeanimals victims too. This is a good technique because it makes peopleemphasise the animal cruelty and disagree with hangings.In composed upon Westminster Bridge, by the agency the poet uses calmand peaceful words it makes you feel relaxed and in a cheerful mood.The poet seems to want us to be more grateful to god as the poem saysdear god the very houses seem asleep and it seems hes beingthankful and wants readers to be too.Both these poems are good poems because they involve feelings andthoughts and I think that the poets put a lot of thought into writingthem.

Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire

decadency of Wo hands in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named DesireThe men they are influenced by and, often, married to, and the wad in which they live and work dictate the womens characters and personalities. In The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire, Daisy and Blanche suffer degeneration in terms of their mastermind and their morals due to the behaviour and actions of the men in their lives. The male characters act as catalysts in implementing this change, as they alter the lives of others yet are not themselves changed. However, it cannot be said that men are entirely answerable for this degeneration- to a certain extent, the fate of the women rests in their own hands. A comparison between the dickens texts, considering some(prenominal) the male characters responsibility, and the womens own responsibility for themselves, ordain be decisive in determining how and why the women degenerate and the consequences of this deterioration.Men are an extremely plet horic force within both The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire. The marriages in each text display a microcosm view of the text as a whole, in that they are a elfin representation of a larger context. The men in each marriage are dominant- Tom, for example, is ambiguous because a reader knows he is violent from his behaviour to Myrtle- qualification a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with an open handhigh all over the confusion a long broken shout of pain. However, he does not act violently that we know of towards Daisy. This could be a direct result of the two womens class. Daisy is described by Jordan as being, By far the most popular of all the young girls in Louiseville whose wealth and class could be mensural by ... ...ever had any real compassion or love for her. Their decision to move away comes despite his earlier assumption that, Ill stay in the East, dont you worryId be a God damned fool to live anywhere else. Gatsby himself is more ambiguous, as his irresistible impulse with Daisy creates his situation. He degenerates in terms of his morals, yet it seems that he has always been amoral when it comes to business and gonnegtions as well.Ultimately, the men only change subtly and almost imperceptibly as a result of their actions towards the women, yet the women themselves change irreversibly. to each one change that occurs within the women is significant not just to the characters themselves, but also to those surrounding them and the dynamics of the plot. The finale to each text has been determined by the actions of the men and the result that they have on the women. Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named DesireThe men they are influenced by and, often, married to, and the circumstances in which they live and work dictate the womens characters and personalities. In The Great Gatsby and A S treetcar Named Desire, Daisy and Blanche suffer degeneration in terms of their mentality and their morals due to the behaviour and actions of the men in their lives. The male characters act as catalysts in implementing this change, as they alter the lives of others yet are not themselves changed. However, it cannot be said that men are entirely responsible for this degeneration- to a certain extent, the fate of the women rests in their own hands. A comparison between the two texts, considering both the male characters responsibility, and the womens own responsibility for themselves, will be decisive in determining how and why the women degenerate and the consequences of this deterioration.Men are an extremely dominant force within both The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire. The marriages in each text display a microcosm view of the text as a whole, in that they are a small representation of a larger context. The men in each marriage are dominant- Tom, for example, is ambiguous because a reader knows he is violent from his behaviour to Myrtle- Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with an open handhigh over the confusion a long broken wail of pain. However, he does not act violently that we know of towards Daisy. This could be a direct result of the two womens class. Daisy is described by Jordan as being, By far the most popular of all the young girls in Louiseville whose wealth and class could be measured by ... ...ever had any real compassion or love for her. Their decision to move away comes despite his earlier assumption that, Ill stay in the East, dont you worryId be a God damned fool to live anywhere else. Gatsby himself is more ambiguous, as his obsession with Daisy creates his situation. He degenerates in terms of his morals, yet it seems that he has always been amoral when it comes to business and gonnegtions as well.Ultimately, the men only change subtly and almost imperceptibly as a result of their actions towards the women, yet the women themselves change irreversibly. Each change that occurs within the women is significant not just to the characters themselves, but also to those surrounding them and the dynamics of the plot. The conclusion to each text has been determined by the actions of the men and the result that they have on the women.

How to Escape from American Consumerism and Materialism Essay -- Expos

How to Escape from American Consumerism and MaterialismWe all know we live in a highly materialistic culture in which conspicuous consumption governs much of our lives. We strive to acquire goods which will define us to ourselves and to others and somehow satisfy our human need to justify existence. At the stop of the day, we also all know that theres a trap built into the system the more you consume, the more you are pressed to consume more because whatever satisfaction possession of things brings us is always fleeting thus driving us further and further down the material path of deportment seeking nirvana or so the next corner at the mall. Many modern philosophers have pondered this question, often giving rise to scathing critiques of consumerism as change the product of a decadent and decaying culture. This is where most people turn away, not because they reject what the philosophers say, but precisely because they know it to be at least partly accurate and this is unbearabl e. Its unbearable because while we know the meaning of life cant be reduced to a new SUV, we dont know what on earth we would replace consumerism with if we were to abandon it as the bedrock of our daily lives. What would we do with our time? Why would we work overtime? Why would we have up in the morning?I dont visualize here to rehash the arguments about why consumerism is evil, but I would like to propose some solutions to the conundrum of modern living how to find satisfaction through consuming differently and thoughtfully.1. Value what you haveThe first step is to look around your space and start to appreciate the sheer number of labour-hours that are invested in the things that you already own. Imagine having to cast them you... ... you to pause at least for a bitConsuming for its own sake is indeed a great temptation, but like all others it can be overcome. This doesnt require a twelve-step political program to wean us permanently from the habit, afterall its only human . It does require that we acknowledge what makes having things satisfying social relations with other people. If we recognize our links to others through the products they make and we consume, and if we assume the responsibility that comes with that recognition, we can consume less, consume differently and garner much more satisfaction from the act. We need to ignore the spin doctors and their promises of eternal joy or salvation and realize that we are the authors of our own happiness and that happiness cannot be branded, packaged or sold by the pound. Step down from the gerbille wheel and take a moment to think about it.

How to Escape from American Consumerism and Materialism Essay -- Expos

How to Escape from American Consumerism and MaterialismWe all know we live in a highly materialistic culture in which conspicuous consumption governs much of our lives. We strive to acquire goods which will define us to ourselves and to others and somehow satisfy our human need to justify existence. At the terminus of the day, we also all know that theres a trap built into the system the more than you consume, the more you are pressed to consume more because whatever satisfaction possession of things brings us is always fleeting thus driving us further and further down the material path of sustenance seeking nirvana approximately the next corner at the mall. Many modern philosophers have pondered this question, often giving rise to scathing critiques of consumerism as change the product of a decadent and decaying culture. This is where most people turn away, not because they reject what the philosophers say, but precisely because they know it to be at least part accurate and th is is unbearable. Its unbearable because while we know the meaning of life cant be reduced to a new SUV, we dont know what on earth we would replace consumerism with if we were to abandon it as the bedrock of our daily lives. What would we do with our time? Why would we work overtime? Why would we bring about up in the morning?I dont drive here to rehash the arguments about why consumerism is evil, but I would like to propose some solutions to the conundrum of modern living how to find satisfaction through consuming differently and thoughtfully.1. Value what you haveThe first step is to look around your space and start to appreciate the sheer number of labour-hours that are invested in the things that you already own. Imagine having to pip them you... ... you to pause at least for a eventConsuming for its own sake is indeed a great temptation, but like all others it can be overcome. This doesnt require a twelve-step weapons platform to wean us permanently from the habit, after all its only human. It does require that we acknowledge what makes having things satisfying social relations with other people. If we recognize our links to others through the products they make and we consume, and if we assume the responsibility that comes with that recognition, we can consume less, consume differently and garner much more satisfaction from the act. We need to ignore the spin doctors and their promises of eternal gratification or salvation and realize that we are the authors of our own happiness and that happiness cannot be branded, packaged or sold by the pound. Step down from the gerbille wheel and take a moment to think about it.

Deontology and the Categorical Imperative

First, let us establish what it means to act in a deontological manner. Demonology is the normative ethical position that Judges the morality of an action based on the actions adherence to a ordinance or rules (Ethics-virtue, Standard encyclopaedia of Philosophy). For someone to act in a deontological manner, he must follow a course of action non because it causes the greatest amount of good to any themselves or others, but because it is the right thing to do. A deontological believes that it is their duty to follow these moral imperatives, and it is these values which are the basis which Emmanuel Kant bases his Categorical Imperative on.In Kantian, a system of demonology developed by Emmanuel Kant based on his Categorical Imperative, we should make decisions based on our duty to others and that it is not the actions consequences which make it right or wrong, but the motives of the soulfulness who is carrying them out (Kant, Emmanuel. 1780. Preface). For example, if I say, I do not writ of execution other human beings because I would not craving others to murder, I am behaving deontological because as a society we would not wish murder to become a universal rule.Similarly, I would not wish someone to secretly defraud Investors and embezzle go with money, but more on that soon. If a person is to act in this decidedly UNdeontological manner, they might keep justified it in one of ii standardizedly other manners. The first non-deontological theory we someone could turn with is utilitarianism. In this moral theory, the proper course of action is the one that maximizes utility, specialized exclusivelyy defined as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering (Utilitarianism. N. D. ) In Wisped. Retrieved January 20, 2013, from http// assembleing others, we still do not wish this to occur but this time it is because the act of murder does not maximize happiness as a society. The loss of an individual in this manner would detract from the whole be it ei ther from a output signal stand-point, or because of the emotion detriment it brings others. Misuse of a corporations funds could be Justified in a certain scenario, so we leave add this to our toolbox of motives for now.A second non-deontological moral theory we must examine is the idea of egotism. With egotism, a persons primary drive is to enhance their own interests be they intellectual, physical, societal, or otherwise everywhere the interests of others (Egotism. (n. D. ) In Wisped). Within the context of our example about murder, an egotist does not wish for murder to exist simply because he or she would not wish to be murdered. Within the scope of business operations, this ideology would seem to form the basis of nearly practices.While the advancement of a corporation would be paramount in the eyes of those with the most vested interest, this moral guideline can be disastrous in a society that does not share this belief as the rule of the land. Let us now look at two o f the ethical problems raised by the Delphic Communications case. The first problem we will examine is the fact that Delphic was using two different sets of accounting books, one with doctored numbers that was given to investors, and one which showed the true finances and what was being manipulated for the fraudulent figures.This, tally to testimony produced by James R. Brown, Dahlias former vice president of finance (Grant, 2004, p. CLC). Members of the Riggs family were ultimately indicted for looting the company of more the $100 million and aiding $2 gazillion in debt. Regardless of an argument of either this being a cover-up in order to hide the Riggs familys personal use of company funds, or moreover a tactic to delay investor outrage in order to settle outstanding debts incurred by Delphic operations, this cannot be considered a deontological based maneuver.Adherence to ones duty to the company and its core operations is contrary to these kinds of behavior. Also, under no c ircumstance would lying biblically about a companys well- being in a capitalistic society be considered as being desirable as a normative rule. At best, if this were done as to buy the company time to right its finances, this action could be eschewed as utilitarian if the underlying goal was to prevent panic on Wall SST. And to maximize societys net worth.Likelier, this was an egotistic based motive in order for the Riggs family to continue their practices of using the company as their personal piggy-bank as it were. There is evidence of this being the case based upon the next ethical issue we will address. During the course of investigations carried out in the course of this case, it was covered that members of the Riggs family had also used corporate money to finance a golf-course on private family property of theirs (The SEC, 2002).Much like the previously mentioned ethical problem, it is difficult to determine in what, if any, way this action could be eschewed as either a deonto logical or categorically imperative decision. If it were the norm for members of any company with access to corporate funding to use them on private frames without prior approval, there would be few corporations which would be able to operate in much of any capacity. Dominant having misappropriated funds that were allocated for actual business operations.Even when viewed in light of a utilitarian stand-point, the Jobs which would have been created through the whirl and operation of said golf-course would not have warranted an unauthorized expenditure of this magnitude outside of the companys normal business operations. The member of the Riggs family who authorized the use of these funds should have instead chosen to use his own capital in order to finance this endeavor if it was truly that necessary. Utilizing Dahlias none in order to build this project falls categorically within the scope of an egotist method of reasoning.These couple examples were but a few highlights that were uncovered during the course of the Delphic indictment. Members of the Riggs family might not have seen an end to their empire had they taken a step back and evaluated not only the consequences of their actions, but the rationale behind what they were doing. Demonology and categorical imperatives, like most morale methodologies, are difficult to apply in every scenario. Doing what is right for the sake of its rightness, or because t is your duty to perform in a specific way can fail in an instance of grave social importance.As instanced in the threaded discussion this week, if a programmer of nuclear missile technologies learns of an brush up by his employer against another nation does his or her duty lie with the attacker or those who would be attacked? Of the moral decision making tools discussed in this paper, Egotism, Utilitarianism, Demonology, and Categorical Imperatives all provide a different answer to the question in hand. The members of the Riggs family might still feel th ey are in the eight if their ill gains were greater than the hurting of imprisonment from a strictly Egotistic model.

Importance of Mission Essay

What do you understand by mission? Explain why it is necessary at the starting point in the transit of formulating a strategy? What do you understand by mission? As per Mintzberg A mission describes the organisations basic function in society, in call of the products and services it produces for its customers. Mission defines the fundamental purpose of an oraganisation , describes why it exists and answers the question Wha do we do? .Mission statement creates a sense of direction and opportunity and it creates abide by or those who get exposed to the statement, and those prospects are managers, employees and sometimes even customers. Both of these are essential part of the strategy-making process. It has a direct bearing on the butt line and success of the fundamental law. Thus Mission statements plays (1) Communicate the purpose of the organization to stakeholders. (2) Inform strategy development. 3) Develop the measurable goals and objectives by which to gauge the success of the organizations strategy. Explain why it is necessary at the starting point in the process of formulating a strategy? To reach any destination the familiarity of path is very important likewise for any organization to achieve its ultimate objectives and goals, a well defined mission is very important. A strategic plan starts with a clearly defined business mission.Mission statement provides a path to realize the vision in line with its values. lt informs us the want level of performance and used to set out a picture of the organization in the future For any new organization to be self-made in achieving desired goals it has to formulate the strategy and mission is starting point in the process. Mission is necessary at the starting point in the process of formulating a strategy to know (1) The purpose of the organization.Why does the business exist? Is it to create wealth for shareholders? Does it exist to satisfy the needs of all stakeholders (including employees, and society at large? ). The mission at the starting point helps in answering above questions. (2) A mission statement at the starting point provides the mercantile logic for the business and so defines two things The products or services it offers (and therefore its competitive position) The competences through

Epidemiology Of Childhood Obesity Health And Social Care Essay

This brings me to the Epidemiology of Childhood Obesity. One of the Major wellness jobs that plague the United States is Childhood fleshiness. Since the 1980 the sums of kids who have been considered fleshiness have been at an deject rise and the prevalence among kids under the age of 12 has more than doubled. Harmonizing to the 1999-2002 National health Association ( NHA ) study, 16 per centum of kids ages 6-19 old ages ar overweight. The major population that seems to be plagued by childhood fleshiness are minority population. NHA found that African American and Mexican American striplings ages 12-19 were more likely to be overweight, A than non-Hispanic white-hot teenagers.A The disparity of being overweight in the adolescences has been the major subscriber to a spirited hazard of developing high cholesterin, high blood pressure, respiratory complaints, orthopedical jobs, depression and Type 2 Diabetes as a young person. One disease of peculiar concern is Type 2 Diabet es. Due to these addition in negative wellness behaviours The infirmary costs accurately associated with childhood fleshiness were estimated at $ 127 million during 1997-1999 ( in 2001 changeless U.S. dollars ) , up from $ 35 million during 1979-1981 ( subdivision of Health and gracious Services, 2010, p 1 )The epidemiology triangle long-run effects of being an fleshy stripling is that there is a 70 % opportunity of them acquittance overweight or corpulent grownups and 80 % if one or more conjure up in the place A is fleshy or corpulent. When fleshiness in childhood falls over into maturity, it increases the hazard of diabetes, high blood force per unit area, high cholesterin, asthma, arthritis, and a general hapless wellness position. In 2000, the good cost of fleshiness for kids and grownups in the United States was estimated to be $ 117 billion where $ 61 billion are direct medical costs ( The World and I, 2006 ) .Childhood fleshiness has many another(prenominal) finding factors.A The most outstanding factor that causes childhood fleshiness are A deficiency of carnal application, Unhealthy feeding, contractable sciences and societal factors, socio-economic position, hie/ethnicity, media and selling, and the tangible environment are besides add factors to child goon fleshiness. ( Kumanyika, 2008 ) .In general, kids and striplings are take in more foodsA at fast alimentary eating houses than they are eating at place, imbibing more swagy drinks, and secondmente on more unhealthy nutrients like french friess and french friess often. This revision is contributed to the American demand for Convenience. This is taking more people to devour speedy service or eating house repasts or to purchasing microwavable ready-to-eat, low cost, rapidly neighborly repasts to fix at place. The nutritionary composing of kids s diets all bit good as the figure of Calories consumed is of involvement to find the consequence of nutrient phthisis on childhood f leshiness. In relation, array sizes increased between 1977 and 1996. Average part sizes increased for salty bites from 1.0 ounces to 1.6 ounces and for soft drinks from 12.2 ounces to 19.9 ounces. A Below shows the major alteration in nutrient parts, which has contributed to the major factors of fleshiness ( incision of Health and Human Services, 2010, p 1 )AAAFigure 2 Proportion of Vegetable Helpings, 1999-2000Figure 3 Proportion of scrap Servings, 1999-2000Note Children 2-19 old ages.Beginning National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.Note Children 2-19 old ages.Beginning National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NCHS, CDC.A opposite surveies indicate that kids are non eating the recommended helpings of nutrients featured in the USDA nutrient pyramid and that there have been important alterations in the types of drinks that kids are devouring.iA A A A A A A A Merely 21 per centum of immature people eat the recommended five or more helpings of fruits and veggies each twenty-four hours. As shown in figure 2, about(predicate) half of all vegetable helpings are fried murphies.iA A A A A A A A Percent entire energy from fat really decreased between 1965 and 1996 for kids, from 39 to 32 per centum for entire fat, and 15 to 12 per centum for concentrated fat. iA A A A A A A A In 1994-1996, adolescent misss and boys just now consumed 12 and 30 per centum, severally, of the Food Guide Pyramid s helping recommendations for dairy and 18 and 14 per centum, severally, of the helping recommendations for fruit. iA A A A A A A A Soda ingestion increased radically in the early to mid-1990s. Thirty-two per centum of adolescent misss and 52 % of adolescent male childs consume three or more eight ounce helpings of soda per twenty-four hours. Soft drink ingestion for stripling male childs has about tripled, from seven to 22 ounces per twenty-four hours ( 1977-1978 to 1994 ) . Children every bit immature as seven months old are devouring sodium carbonateiA A A A A A A A Milk ingestion has declined during the same period. In 1977-78, kids age 6-11 drank four times every bit much milk as any other drink. In 1994-1996 that decreased to 1.5 times every bit much milk as sugar sweetened drinks. In 1977-1978, striplings drank 1.5 times every bit much milk as any other drink and in 1996 they consumed twice every bit much sugar sweetened drinks as milk. Milk ingestion decreased for adolescent male childs and misss 37 and 30 % severally, between 1965, and 1996. ( department of Health and Human Services, 2010 ) .This research showsA thatA the lessening in existent natural operation and the addition in nutrient consumption is the major subscriber to childhood fleshiness. Physical bodily process tendency informations for kids are limited, but cross sectional informations indicates that one tierce of striplings are non having recommended degrees of centrist or vigorous activity, 10 % are wholly inactive, and physical activity degre es fall as stripling s age ( Booth, Murphy, Phongsavan, Salmon & A Timperio, 2007 ) .A A A A A A A A A Americans need for watching telecasting, utilizing the computing machine, and playing video games occupy a banging per centum of kids s leisure clip, which are act uponing their physical activity degrees. It is estimated that kids in the United States are passing 25 % of their waking hours watching telecasting and statistically, kids who watch the most hours of telecasting have the highest incidence of fleshiness ( division of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 ) . This tendency is evident and a major hazard factor to child goon fleshiness because while the sedentary activity of watching Television and picture games normally involves the composing of repasts high in fat.Along with the dietetic alterations that affects child goon fleshiness schools are besides lending to the job by diminishing the sum of free drama or physical activity that kids receive during school hours. The re are merely a 3rd of American simple schools, allow kids to hold day-to-day physical instruction, and merely a 5th of the simple schools have extracurricular actives for the kids to take part in. Daily registration in physical instruction categories among high school pupils decreased from 42 % in 1991 to 25 % in 1995, later increasing passably to 28 % in 2003 ( part of Health and Human Services, 2010, p 1 ) . Experts have looked progressively to the physical environment as a driver in the rapid addition of fleshiness in the United States. In urban countries, infinite for out-of-door diversion can be scarce, forestalling kids from possessing a defend topographic point to play. Neighborhood offense, unattended Canis familiariss, or deficiency of street lighting may besides suppress kids from being able to locomote safely out-of-doorss and busy traffic can hinder commuters from walking or bicycling to work as a agency of day-to-day exercising. Though hardly a(prenominal) sur veies are available on the direct effects of the physical environment on physical activity, there are marks of the possible for betterment, evidenced by Toronto s 23 % addition in bike usage after the add-on of motorcycle lanes, and London s pathway usage addition indoors the scope of 34-101 % ( depending on location ) as a consequence of improved lighting there has been less research on the relationship between the physical environment and physical activity for kids than for grownups nevertheless the findings for kids appear to be consistent with those of the grownup population. The per centum of trips to school that kids walked declined from 20 % in 1977 to 12 % in 2001. Because kids degenerate a significant sum of clip going to and from school, this may be an country in which to integrate and increase physical activity into kids s day-to-day wonts ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p 1 )Surveies suggest that parental nutrient penchants straight influence and for m those of their kids. In a survey by Oliveria and co-workers, they inform that parents who ate diets high in concentrated fats besides had kids who ate diets high in concentrated fats ( Birch & A Fisher, 1998 ) . It is suspected that this observation is non simply collect to the nutrients parents feed their kids, but instead due to the penchants kids develop by dint of exposure to nutrients that their parents take to eat in their lives. Birch and Fisher postulate that exposure to fruits and veggies and nutrients high in energy, sugar and fat may play an of import plump in set uping a hierarchy of nutrient penchants and choice in childs. other(a) surveies have showed that when parents eat fruits and veggies and they are readily available the penchants for kids to wantA such an point as a pick of bite are increased ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 )Research workers besides indicate that the societal context in which a kid is introduced to or has experiences with nutrient is instrumental in determining nutrient penchants the feeding environment that a kid is involved in will find the feeding pattern the kid will do in his or her life-time ( Birch, 2006 ) . For many kids, feeding is a societal event that frequently times occurs in the presence of parents, other grownups, older siblings and equals. Children typically observe the behaviours and penchants of others in their milieus. This becomes the function theoretical accounts. Children observation in unhealthy eating wonts and behaviours have brought a rise in childhood weight jobs ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 ) . some(prenominal) possible mechanisms have been proposed to explicate this phenomenon including the followersiA A A A A A A A Constraints on parent s clip potentially contribute to kids s weight jobs, as working parents likely rely more to a great extent than non-working parents on prepared, processed, and fast nutrients, which by and large have high Calorie, high fat, and low nutritionary content.iA A A A A A A A Children left unsupervised after school may do hapless nutritionary picks and prose sheere in more sedentary activities.iA A A A A A A A Childcare suppliers may non offer as many chances for physical activity and may offer less alimentary nutrient options.iA A A A A A A A unattended kids may pass a great trade of clip indoors, possibly because of safety concerns, watching Television or playing video games instead than prosecuting in more active out-of-door chases. ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010 ) .In short, the recent societal and economic alterations in American society have encourage unhealthy wonts of extra ingestion. These alterations have influenced the nutrients available in the places, the grade of influence parents have when kids make nutrient choices and has led to additions in sedentary behaviours among young person ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 )A Finally there h as been a big argument over whether or non overexposure to nutrient advertisement has increased the incidence rates of childhood fleshiness. Although there has been a positive correlativity between the hours of telecasting viewed, organic structure mass index, and fleshiness incidence has been documented, the exact mechanisms through which this occurs are still being investigated. It has been estimated that the mean kid presently views more than 40,000 commercials on telecasting each twelvemonth, a crisp addition from 20,000 in the seventiess ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 ) . Furthermore, an accrued organic structure of research reveals that more than 50 per centum of telecasting advertizements directed at kids promote nutrients and drinks such as confect, public convenience nutrients, bite nutrients, sugar sweetened drinks and sweetened breakfast cereals that are high in Calories and fat and low in fibre and alimentary denseness. The statistics on nutrient advertisement to kids indicate thatiA A A A A A A A Annual gross revenues of nutrients and drinks to immature consumers exceeded $ 27 billion in 2002.iA A A A A A A A Food and drink advertizers jointly spend $ 10 to $ 12 billion yearly to make kids and young person more than $ 1 billion is spent on media publicizing to kids ( headlandly on telecasting ) more than $ 4.5 billion is spent on youth-targeted public dealingss and $ 3 billion is spent on packaging designed for kids.iA A A A A A A A Fast nutrient mercantile establishments spend $ 3 billion in telecasting ads targeted to kids ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 ) .Available research shows that there are a figure of root causes of fleshiness in kids. Choosing one or two chief causes or indispensable factors is following to impossible given the on-line(prenominal) information because the possible influences of fleshiness have many interlacing factors. There are big spreads in cognition and research, which is restricting the ability to nail a peculiar cause and find the most effectual ways to battle childhood obesity. other research spread stems from deficiency of a perspective longitudinal survey that links dietetic and other behaviour forms to development of fleshiness. Another complication of current informations is that there is a demand for more precise and dependable steps of dietetic consumption and activity degrees, as single callback of events and diet are non the most reliable beginnings for information ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p1 ) .When believing approximately early bar of fleshiness, it is indispensable that more is understood about how genetic sciences is involved and how the cistrons are triggered or respond to environmental alterations and stimulation. Research is merely get downing to explicate how gustatory sensation penchants develop, their biochemical underpinnings and how this information may be utile in controling childhood weight add ition ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010, p 1 ) .Primary bar is non an option for many kids who are already fleshy. Research on successful intercessions for kids who are fleshy or at hazard of going corpulence is highly of import to cut down efficaciously childhood fleshiness in this state ( Maternal and Child Health Library, 2008 ) . Generally, research has merely begun to rub the surface in clear up the causes of fleshiness in kids. Filling in the cognition spread will take clip, as implementing some of the survey designs that will outdo light the Gordian interactions are clip devouring and dearly-won. However, the basicss are clear, to remain healthy, eat a balanced diet and give equal clip to physical activity ( Department of Health and Human Services, 2010 ) . This will assist epidemiologists and maintain down the cost of going healthy.

Impressionism and Earth Art

Impressionism and Earth Art When bingle hears the term Impressionism or Earth Art, one can already presume and expect what sort of depiction each movement would present without having any prior knowledge of them. Impressionism, which began in the sasss, often render scenes and the artists impression of nature and, modest yet vivacious quarters of Paris. Now most exactly one hundred years later, a completely impertinently form of art takes the place of the prior ikons of those subject matters, actually inside -called Earth Art. In France, 1875, a new genre of painting began to emerge.These paintings demonstrated a fleeting outcome of colors. Impressionists aimed to capture that immediate moment of their subjects which provided a sensation of spontaneity. These sudden bursts of color and light had taken the public by surprise -who had adapted to observing kind of conservative, academic paintings with somber shades of colors. It was the first most dramatic change in style, expre ssion and revolutionized painting throughout Europe and at last the world. For Earth artists, they all had similar objectives as well.It was now taking their imaginations to the outdoors as well as raise awareness towards the environment. This form of art is almost like three- emotional version of Impressionism landscape pieces, but with a more defined arrangement and form. Earth artists made of use of the materials the landscapes offered such as dirty word and rocks. The leaders of their respective movements, Claude Monet and Robert Smithson both began completely new eras of art. Claude Monet started off as a realist and Robert Smithson started as a conceptual artist.Monet wanted to create an impression of what he saw and defied the norms of realistic, bibliographic paintings. The thickness and low consistency of his oil paints allowed him to dramatically express his impression of his subject matter. His paintings mainly consist of landscapes, water lilies in particular. Smithson besides took the initiative to start something completely new. Smithson pieces were meant to gradually perish through time and nature. It was a root word throughout all his works, whether it was his art or his writing -the theme of time.Smithson aimed and successfully displayed the delicateness of nature in such a commercial environment. In 1873, Motets pieces entitled Impression Sunrise initiated the spark which would soon become Impressionism. Louis Leroy, the critic, declared this painting incomplete, that it was solely a sketch of Motets impression and this resulted in the hole movement being coined by this piece. Monet conveys vague forms through his short, natural brushstrokes of his oil paints. The constant fix of light and color are effectively represented through the shadows and contrasting of the pure colors.This piece, Spiral seawall (1970), is already exceptional in a sense that there is no exact set way to observe it. From afar, from above, up close, each different view gives off a different sensation. Smithson implements the use of pitch blackness basalt, limestone rocks, dirt and the earth itself to create this seemingly effortless spiral. It is a staggering Engel of 1,600 feet, smoothly extending into Salt Lake City, Utah. Both pieces use a body of water as the foreground, but different focal points. Motets piece has a dark boat figure and bright sun which contrasts the more composed shades of green, blues and yellows.Spiral Jetty doesnt necessarily contrast greatly color-wise but in form. The elongated, linear movement of the spiral with a Jagged texture is distinct from the uniformity of the ocean. Initially flavor at the two pieces, Haystacks, Morning Snow Effect and Spiral Hill, there is already a similarity in form of the central objects. The haystack and the hillock ACH have a trilateral shape and upward motion. Smithson evidently creates circular motion up the hill. Often through the use of circular motion and shapes, he demonstr ates his theme of time, the chronological cycle.Through Motets piece, he also embraces the notion of time but more so of a moment in time. Although the brushstrokes of the oil paints are rather rough, the softness of the colors and contrasts emit the serenity of a winter dawning. The appropriate choices of colors, the soft yellows, blues and grey, capture the essence of the bitter cold winter morning but also the partial(p)th of a morning sun. The murky cast shadow of the haystack illustrates the progression and movement of the sunrise. This atmosphere in Motets painting intelligibly depicted and established whereas Smithson piece is transposable.Depending on the time and day at Men, Holland, the weather can alter the impression it imprints. Wet, gloomy weather versus a warm summer day, each produce a different foreground. Rain or snow, along with the black soil and white sand that Smithson utilized for this piece, can impinge on the color and shade of the materials as well as t he texture. Though Claude Monet and Robert Smithson ideas are a century apart, they both had significant effect on society and the annals of art. Their contributions and efforts lead art history to keep moving to what it is today.

What Is Strategy?

Todays propelling markets and technologies have called into question the sustainability of competitive advantage. Under pressure to modify productivity, quality, and speed, managers have embraced tools such as TQM, benchmarking, and reengineering. Dramatic ope perspicacious improvements have resulted, scarce rarely have these gains translated into sustainable profitability. And gradually, the tools have taken the place of system. As managers jabbing to improve on all fronts, they move further away from viable competitive positions.Michael Porter argues that operational effectiveness, although necessary to superior performance, is not sufficient, because its techniques are golden to imitate. In contrast, the essence of strategy is choosing a unique and valuable position rooted in systems of activities that are much more difficult to match. In say the question what is strategy? , some theorists focus more on the role of strategy in allowing a firm to position itself in an indust ry, hence to shit choices regarding what game to play.Others focus more on the role of strategy in determining how well a given game is played. Strategy is somewhat both choosing new games to play and playing existing games better. unrivaled of the biggest disagreements among strategy researcher concerns the process by which strategies emerge. Some describe stratgy as a rational and deliberate process, while others describer it as an evolutionary process which emerges from experimentation and trial and error. Some place more emphasis on external factors, like the building of the industry to which he firm belongs (e. g. the industrial organization approach), while others place more emphasis on factors internal to the organization, like the way production is form (e. g. Resource-Based approach).Furthermore, some describe a relatively static relationship between strategy and the environment where firms respond to external conditions, while others describe a dynamic picture of comp etition, where firms not only are influenced by the environment, but also actively seek to change it. (e. g. he Schumpetarian approach). This feedback relationship between firm strategy and the environment is the focus of industry lifecycle studies which look at the sources and effectrs of changes in industry structure. Porter(1996) claims that not all business decisions are strategice. Decisions can only be outlined as strategic if they involve consciously doing something differently from competitors and if that difference results in a sustainable advantage. To be sustainable it must be difficult to imitate.Activities which scarcely increase productivity by making existing methods more efficient (operational efficiency) are not strategic since they can be intimately copied by others. Although a firm must engage in both types of activiteis, it is strategic activies that will allow it to develop a sustainable superior performance. One of the factors that renders strategies hard to imitate, hence unique, is that they are the result of a complex interaction between diffenrent activities, which is not reducible to the sum of the indicidual activities.It is this synergy between activities that produces value, not the activities in themselves. Whittingtton(2001) introduces us to four different perspectives on stragey the classical perspective, the evolutionary persperctive, the processual perspective and the systemic perspective. The classical perspective assumes that the manger has near to complete control oer how to allocate the internal and external resources of the firm, and can thus manipulate the internal organization of the firm to better suit these objectives. In this view, strategic behaviour is channelise by rationality, opportunism and self-interest.The evolutionary perspective places emphasis on behacioural differences between firm (e. g. some firms base their descisons on rational caculations, others simply on imitaion) and on the market selection me chanisms that allow some firms to frow and survive and others to fail. This view causes the image of the heroic entrepreneur, centreal to the classical perspective, to fall apart it is not one manager but the mix between the forces of market selection, random events, and processes of positive feedback that determine performance.The processual perspectiver holds that economic outcomes emerge from the interactions between individuals and between individuals and their environment. The result of this interacion is unpredictable because actions are often unintended. manhood are not perfectly rational but bounded in their rationality. This, along with the fact that interaction between individuals is guided not only by self-interest but alsoby collective bargaining and compromis, causes economic dynamics to be fuzzy and unpredictable.The systemic perspective argues that each of the above approaches is characterized by a condense view of the world a Western, often Anglo-Saxon, view. The r ationality of a particular strategy depends on its specific historical, social and cultural context. Strategic behaviour is introduce in a network of social relations that includes cultural norms, class and educational background, religion and so on. Hence what if labelled as irraional behaviour in one context may be perfectly rational in another.

Blizzard

The rash of 1999 struck a majority of the Midwest along with parts of Canada. The biggest areas affected were Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Ontario, Quebec, Wisconsin, and Ohio. There was as much as 2 feet of snow in legion(predicate) areas. The blizzard began on January 2, 1999 through January 4, 1999. Chicago was one of the biggest cities impacted by the storm metre up to 22 inches of snow and rated the 2nd worst blizzard in Chicago by the National Weather Channel. Record temperatures hit a start of below 20 degrees Fahrenheit and up to 50 degrees in some places. This all resulted in airports and train stations being shut mow for hours to days.Northwest airlines were down for numerous hours with people stuck on many relief valves. Many people had things to say about blizzard conditions. People said they started seeing signs of the blizzard on vernal Years Eve of 1998. Weather temperatures were decreasing and snow was beginning to fall. One witness described the condition ana logous driving through a fog of white snow without being able to see an inch in front of him. A man described being stuck on the flight by northwest airlines as being covered in blankets and other peoples clothing just to keep warm and developed frost bite on his nose and toes.A lady described the condition as the worst shed seen in her 83 years of life living in Chicago. A find remembers trying to get her child to a local hospital and developing frost bite and flu like symptoms from the amount of snow accumulation on the ground. Many ask how a blizzard like this form does. The blizzard begins when snow is falling and wind is at least 35mph and it reduces visibility up to ? a mile or less. The wind speed and snow fall are the biggest factor in determining blizzard like conditions. A blizzard like this generally forms when cold polar air comes down and mixes with warm and moist air from lower altitudes.It feeds on the dropping temperatures to occur. The overall impact of a blizzard can cost the lives of others and millions of dollars. The blizzard of 1999 resulted in 73 deaths. The cost of the blizzard was estimated between 300-400 million dollars. Chicago area was the biggest of the relief fund and over 45 counties qualified for federal aid relief. Northwest airlines paid out 7 million dollars to passengers on the flight to compensate for their hours on the flight from the storm. Overall many people, buildings, and companies were impacted in the blizzard of 1999.

Marketing Plan for Chick-fil-A Essay

IntroductionEstablishing a marketing plan to portray a juvenile helping to an establishment requires extensive analysis and reviews of its competitors. An organization needs to review the pros and the cons of any new dish out, especially when the organization is authoritatively growing nationally. In this paper, Team A pull up s dramatises provide a basic overview of Chick-Fil-A. Team A testament introduce a pitch shot service for Chick-fil-A, including a SWOTT analysis, the importance of Marketing, and the marketing approach it should take to execute service.Chick-fil-A OverviewChick-fil-A is a company that was founded by S. Truett Cathy in 1946, which is privately held and family owned. The company services 39 states, 1,500 locations, including their headquarters stationed in Atlanta, GA (Chick-fil-A, 2012). Chick-fil-A mission statement is simple but strong To be Americas best swift-service forage establishment at captivating and maintaining patrons (Chick-fil-A, 2012). Chick-fil-A has a huge smorgasbord of specialty chicken based products much(prenominal) as, a variety of chicken sandwiches, wraps, nuggets, salads, desserts, and now break card-playing. Chick-fil-A has a few signature products that include their famous chicken sandwich, signature lemonade, as well as products with their distinguishable logos and characters for personal use such as clothing, cold and hot beverage mugs, books, and home and office supplies.Description of New ProductChick-fil-A is more than a restaurant, it has become a cultural following similar to the Starbucks and Chipotle franchises, which focuses on a healthier fast nourishment options and boasts family friendly environments, it would be beneficial to offering a delivery service that focuses on families and organizations. Chick-fil-As new product offering should be a family sized meal which can include various selections of our current options. This new family meal approach opens up the types of services prov ided and scores the company in a nonher category when it comes to being fast food restaurant competitor. Not but would Chick-fil-A continue to show the importance of family but it represents a strong tie to the organizations values and opens up the competitive market for the culture based following that has been established.SWOTT summaryStrengthsChick-fil-A size and strengths gave the company an opportunity to offer customers a expedited option to patronize the business in the workplace and busy sites. Chick-fil-A is family orientated and kid friendly restaurant. For fast service and delivery, Chick-fil-A offers online order and catering delivery service to their customers. In 2010, Chick-fil-A system sales reached a $3.5 billion. The companys product statement offers a variety of delicious products that can fit a balanced and healthy diet.WeaknessesChick-fil-A Incorporation had to voluntary removal 1.5 million of the Planet Discovery Kids repast premium from its restaurants in 2 011. The kids meal had the planet toy attached to bottom of the suction cup which a small child could good remove the toy and specify it their mouths and swollen casing injury, (Chick-fil-A Recalls Kids meal Premium, 2012). The cause of the recall caused the corporation money, however, it earned consumers respect because it the safety of their family was put first. Chick-fil-A redesigned the product to be kid friendly by making the pieces larger and keeping within the same theme.OpportunitiesThe opportunity for other restaurants to capitalize on the food industry is with introducing new products, like McDonalds with the McRib and Wendys with the Spicy Chicken Salad. However, Chick-fil-A has stayed a head of the game with launching new products such as the new spicy Chick-fil- A sandwich and introducing the healthiest kids meal, the Grilled Chicken Nuggets.ThreatsThe fast food chains such as McDonalds, Burger King, or Wendys are a major(ip) threat to Chick-fil-A. Many of these cha ins are currently introducing healthier menu options which can potentially cause Chick-fil-A the inability to grow in certain areas. Although, there are differences between Chick-fil-A and these fast food chains, there are other restaurants service consumers healthy meal options such as Veggie Grill. regular(a) if TrendsAmericas current trend of a healthy eating lifestyle will allow introduce a fast-food franchise that offers delivery service for consumers with minimal time. Chick-Fil-A will devote more ways to position assets to improve the majority of their restaurants with the intentions to improve patrons satisfaction and present a get by service that always will produce an abundance of revenue.The Importance of MarketingMarketing plays an important role in Chick-fil-A overall success as it affects the lieu of business strategy of the products to the consumers. While managers may have an eye on the existing products and sales, profits, and market share and how well Chick-fil- A growth it continues to meet the companys goal and expectation by developing the products that customers want, making products readily available to the consumers, and promoting products and service that will outlast its competitors.Marketing Research ApproachChick-fil-A already counts with a great number of customers nationwide. The purpose of the new service that will be offer by the company is to retain and attract even more customers to our restaurants. The confirmative results of the project will help the company to expand to more cities within the U.S. to reach more customers. Considering the already existing customers, that already like the food and service that is offered at Chic-fil-A, they eventually would want to see a change that takes that food and that service to a different level of quality. Those changes in product and operations falsify things more convenient and accessible for consumers. At Chick-fil-A, we want to let the public know the new delivery service that will facilitate customers to eat food from Chick-fil-A without having to go to the restaurant.The group of consumers that the organization will target is those that usually are in need of fast food or that their busy schedules do not really have the time to go pick their lunch. Most working professionals are groups that are likely to have their food deliver to their work place or office, especially in places like Los Angeles and other big cities where heavy traffic, busy streets, and congested secreteways is an issue. Also, for those who do not have the time to cook, like walking, or driving at night, a delivery service is a solution to their problem.In smaller cities delivery service is an attractive service for customers, specially, if shopping centers or restaurants are far away from the populated areas. In comparison to most fast food restaurants, which do not offer a delivery service, Chick-fil-A will be taking a step forward from its direct competitors. Finally, we will comp lete a competitor analysis. We will research the kinds of services our competitor offer and whether or not they charge for their delivery services. We will explore their online ordering and time frames between the orders being placed and delivered and will the order be free if it is not delivered within a specified time frame.ConclusionAs a staple in the fast food industry for years now, we strongly believe in the marketing techniques and branding that Chick-fil-A has been known for however, the company is not against change and recognize room for growth. The choice, as outlined above, to establish a delivery service should prove to be profitable and increase customers in all our markets. Our marketing plan provides complete coverage on how we plan to execute and introduce the change to all of our stores. We are confident that the delivery service will yield the expected results for Chick-fil-A for years to come.ReferenceChick-fil-A. (2012). Retrieved from http//www.chick-fil-a.com /Company/Highlights-Fact-Sheets Chick-fil-A Recalls Kids Meal Premium. (2012, February). QSR Magazine . Retrieved from http//www.qsrmagazine.com/news/chick-fil-recalls-kids-meal-premium

Subliminal Messaging

My graduation reaction to this assignment was if I actually believed in subliminal messages myself. I decided I didnt but after I did further enquiry, I was shocked. I watched you-tube videos and looked at pictures online of advertising. The biggest shock I represent was in the Disney movies. After replaying certain scenes in movies I witnessed subliminal messaging first hand. Most of the messages were intimate references and I was actually quite disturbed by it.For example, in a scene of The Little Mermaid, as Arial was walking up to the podium with her husband to be the priest got an erection. You can clearly settle it happening. I never noticed it before until I started doing research on subliminal messaging. I did further research on other Disney animated movies and I found that there were a lot more informal subliminal messages in the movies and advertising that you dont notice unless you are actually paying attention. Which brings me to my near point, Dr.Brahrami states If the brain is busy it can filter our subliminal things. The brains response to subliminal messages is not automatic and depends on how much attention the person is paying. And thats when I decided I completely agree. I look since I was actually paying attention and watching out for subliminal messages, I could design them. Most of the time when Im watching movies I dont see the sexual, the Tempter or drug related messages companies are putting in their movies and advertising.Which leads me to my question, why would a company base on children put sexual things in a movie made for kids? Well, then I started to think it was a coincidence to I did more research and found out there was a enormous debate during this time when the Arial scene with the priest came out. What I found was that it was the priests knee. So for my destruction of this paper, I think you interpret what you want to see. If your brain is actually searching for these messages, your brain will see what it wants t o see.

Include strategies Essay

Plan, implement and adjudicate at least three activities for children in the foundation period. You should vouch that across the three plans there atomic number 18 learning goals from each of the 6 areas of learning. Your plans should include strategies for differentiation.Claire FieldPreston CollegeIntroductionThe purpose of this work is to review the spirit and content of the foundation stage curriculum and to consider the theoretical underpinning and underlying principles that have assisted in the formation of this early years practice.Through the planning and implementation of three activities, spanning the full spectrum of the foundation stage curriculum, the writer aims to identify and meet the needs of foundation stage children. This work will then adjudicate the provisions for these children and investigate further the ways in which differentiation strategies can be implemented to ensure any children, regardless of their abilities, or stage of development, may receive the curriculum, delivered in a style bewitch to them and their own personal requirements.In 1988 the Conservative government, under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher, legislated that a National platform be in force for pupils between the ages of 5 and 16, because she believed thata good nurtureal system was essential for the incomingsuccess of the nation (Ridley, 1992, p92)Although a curriculum was in place for ages 5 to 16, there was a limpid lack of standardised learning for the early years. Margaret Hodge joined the Department for Education in 1998 and was responsible for reforming pre-school education policy (www.news.bbc.co.uk 12/10/2006). She was actively involved in the implementation of the Foundation Stage Curriculum in September 2000 and the publishing of the guidance to accompany this.The abilities of children are multifaceted and the foundation stage curriculum gives practicians a much less rigid approach than the National Curriculum, by take overing the childr ens give using stepping stones. As the foundation stage curriculum is a government legislated policy, this means that in all children should follow it. As it is flexible in the way in which it is implemented, it means that different types of settings can fashion the teach methods to follow it in their own way. This means that whether a child attends a pre-school, an LEA nursery, a work-based nursery, or indeed a childminder, they are provided with the same curriculum. This is governed by Ofsted who maintain this proviso through their regular inspections. straightforward planning is essential in ensuring that all the practitioners involved can build a picture of the childrens development programme. Not only does it provide them with a premeditated programme of learning, but it also gives an probability for discussion to take place, where they can think about how they can progress children through the various stages of learning. For the practitioner to ensure all areas of the curr iculum are covered, the planning must,entail attention to overall (long- marge) planning, mediumand short-run planningfor every aspect of everylesson (Cohen et al, 2004, p125)Long term planning ensures that all the areas and aspects of learning inside the curriculum are covered throughout the complete year and provides a template for the medium term planning. Correct use of the Curriculum Guidance for the Foundation Stage, together with the knowledge of the practitioners relating to the individual children, means that the children arrive new and exciting ways to learn through play.The long term plans of the settings must be flexible. They should corporate the schools ethos and provide for an enriched curriculum with scope for differentiation to allow inclusion. Medium term planning then identifies the detail topics of work to be covered over the term, or half term. From these the practitioner then sets out the weekly activity plans, to guarantee full coverage of the learning o utcomes within the set topics. It is vital that the plans cover the whole of the six areas of learning and that the practitioner assesses the progress of the children, in order to make certain that they are all progressing to the best of their capabilities.Recording achievements as stepping stones enables early years practitioners to carry out assessments whilst the children are involved in activities, thus preventing the child having any knowledge that an appraisal of their skills and understandings is being undertaken. Planning and evaluating the success criteria of an activity allows the practitioner to be certain that every area of the curriculum is covered.Piaget introduced three principles of cognitive development and these apply to all of the subjects studied in this report. His first principle is assimilation. He says that children do not absorb all the cultivation they encounter. They actively engage in the assimilation process and learn what is relevant to them at their s tage of development. The scheme stage is next. During this phase the children relate what they know already to their current situation. The third phase is where the child wishes to adjudicate stability cognitively. He utilises the knowledge gained and applies it to make a general logical picture (Oakley, 2004). From this it is clear to knock against how the children gain the learning and knowledge applicable to them by interpreting activities in their own way.

Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. Essay

Both Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcom Little, better know as Malcolm X were major figures in the well-behaved rights movement in the United States. Despite struggle for the same ca spend, which is to see that all individuals in the United States are indeed equal regardless of race, both(prenominal) men take a different approach in furthering the cause. They both decried the injustice committed against the slow people by the whites and wanted to see it come to an end. It was for this reason that the civil rights movement gained momentum in the 1960s. The most obvious difference is the stance they took in pursuing their goal.Little, who became Malcolm X after converting to Islam, puts emphasis on self-empowerment among the black people, as well as other racial groups in the US for that matter that they should use any means necessary to win their freedom and equality if society would continue to marginalize them. In trying to understand why Malcolm X was rather militant in his appr aoch to the point of being nationalistic, whizz has to understand that he was born and raised in a ghetto where life was rough which resulted in the take out of his father and his mother committed to a mental institution.In as much as he deplored the racists, he also deplored whites who pretended to sympathize with them and pay lip service to their support of their cause. It is for this reason why he wanted thje blacks to empower themselves because he felt nobody will do it for them (Breitman, 1965, p. 26). King was brought up in a well-to-do family in spite of their race and he borrowed the approach taken by Mahatma Gandhi of nonviolent resistance as the means to accomplish their goal owing to his avocation as a minister who eschewed violence.King agreed with Gandhis principle that the oppressors need to see the evil they are committing to contrive them stop for to fight back would make them further justify their actions. If Malcolm X were to produce his way, he could have drag ged America to another civil war, especially if he intended to use Islam as a fomite to advance his cause, whereas King used a combination of Christian faith and Gandhis teachings which is compatible to the motive (Vander Lei & Miller, 1999, pp. 84-85).Both men were assassinated for they were seen as a threat by their opponents. In the end, the civil rights movement was successful when the government passed a series of laws that once and for all ended segregation. The impact was not immediate and its effect was felt gradually through the passage of time and the proof that it was successful was explicit with the election of Barack Obama as President of the United States. And if one were to ask who would get the credit, the most likely resolution would be Martin Luther King Jr. and his Gandhi-

Dementia to Elderly in Uk

Abstract De dallyforcetia is characterized by evidence of short term and long term computer stor advance impairment with impaired abstract thinking, impaired judgment, disturbances of higher cortical thinking, and soulfulnessality changes. It is basi cryy a imperfect tense decline of cerebral utility such(prenominal) as logic, remembrance, langu era, problem solving, or concentration. This unsoundness greatly harms the daylight by day per beance of a psyche and is seen to a greater extent in fourth-year muckle, however, is non a habitual part of aging. . INTRODUCTION 1. 1. Aim The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the effects of craziness in older heap and to suggest possible solutions for its pr thus fartion and word. 1. 2. Objectives Primary objective of this interrogation is to see how strong the health cargon dealment systems ar for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mania syndrome specially keeping in view the population of UK. 1. 3. insanity d efinedThe Inter depicted object mental lexicon of Psychology (Sutherland, 1989) defines it as an impairment or press release of mental ability, specially of the capacity to remember, but a ilk including impaired thought, speech, judgment, and mortalality. It draws in senile craziness and in conditions involving amplespread revile to the mavin or narrowing of the line vessels. In the preceding definition, Sutherland introduced a several(predicate) term, senile alienation. Senile is derived from the Latin adverb senex pertaining to age or growing old. This shows that any(prenominal) dementednesss occur at later or older ages for reasons non kn birth.Definition of senile lunacy as per The International Dictionary of Psychology is that it is a progressive syndrome starting in old age with no clear puzzle, in which intellect, memory, and judgment argon impaired it is frequently accompanied by apathy or irritability (Sutherland, 1989, p. 397). 1. 4. How common land is craziness? In England just now, in that location ar approximately 570,000 mass biography with madness. It is expected that this number would in two ways in the coming 30 years (Barberger-Gateau, 2007). Generally derangement arises in commonwealth who atomic number 18 65 years of age above.The chances of bristleing it be more than as one bring forth offs old as assortediate to young volume. Roughly, it is anticipated that alienation occurs in 1. 4% of men and 1. 5% of women patriarchal between 65 and 69, 3. 1% of men and 2. 2% of women aged between 70 and 74, 5. 6% of men and 7. 1% of women aged between 75 and 79, 10. 2 % of men and 14. 1% of women aged between 80 and 84, and 19. 6% of men and 27. 5% of women aged 85 or over. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW In the preceding paragraphs, we get out reason in detail the different diversitys of dementedness that occur to mass at older age along with a number of causes that lead towards this syndrome. . 1. Types of madness Following argon the different figures of craziness recognized so far (Davidson, 2005) Alzheimers disease, where tiny clusters of protein, known as plaques, start to build up around intellect cells. This upsets the firm workings of the brain. vascular dementedness, where troubles with blood distribution result in uneven tally of blood and atomic number 8 to certain split of the brain. Dementia with Lewy bodies, where irregular structures, known as Lewy bodies, grow inside the brain. Frontotemporal dementedness, where the two parts of the brain, frontal and temporal lobes, start to shrink.Not like an early(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) casings of dementia, frontotemporal dementia typically grows in hoi polloi who atomic number 18 below 65 years of age and is real r be than other types of dementia. 2. 2. Different Kinds of Dementia Different kinds of dementing dis grazes endure. peerless way of classification is according to parts of the brain being affected. some frequ ently used classifications are as follows Cortical dementia This type of dementia damages the brain particularly affecting the brains cortex, or unwraper layer. Problems such as memory, language, thinking, and kindly behavior results ascribable to this disoder. Sub cortical dementia It affects parts of the brain below the cortex and causes changes in emotions and doments along with damaging memory. Progressive dementia It gets worse with the passage of time, thus interfering more and more with cognitive abilities. Primary dementia This de nones to that form that does non result from any other disease such as AD. Secondary dementia This type of dementia occurs due to round physical disease or injury. Treatable Dementia About 10 per centum of conditions that cause dementia are treatable.With treatment, the dementia stick out either be upturned or at least halted. Instances of conditions that cause treatable cases of dementia comprise of the side by side(p) ?Normal pres undis putable hydrocephalus ?A brain tumor or brain throw outcer ?Hypothyroidism ?Vitamin B12 deficiency ?Neurosyphilis ?Reactions to medications ?Poisoning. Non-Treatable Dementia Types of dementia that currently corroborate no cure allow in Lewy proboscis dementia Binswangers disease Frontotemporal dementia Corticobasal de ingredientration Certain conditions that can cause childhood dementia human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia Other infections within the brain, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Huntingtons disease and other rare hereditary dementias Head trauma, such as dementia pugilistica ( in addition known as boxers syndrome). Several types of dementia fit into more than one of these classifications. For instance, AD is cyphered twain a cortical as well as progressive dementia. 2. 3Causes 2. 3. 1Alzheimers disease It is the most common cause of dementia, affecting around 417,000 masses in the UK. German neurologist Alois Alzheimer first described Alzheimers disea se.According to him, it is a physical disease affecting the brain. All by means of the course of the disease, plaques and tangles develop in the brain, thus leading to the loss of brain cells. Shortage of just about master(prenominal) chemicals in the brain excessively results due to this disease. These chemicals are concerned with the spread of messages within the brain. 2. 3. 2Vascular dementia Vascular dementia is the twinkling most common form of dementia later on Alzheimers disease. It is caused by problems in the supply of blood to the brain. at that place are a number of conditions that can cause or increase damage to the vascular system.These include high blood pressure, heart problems, high cholesterol and diabetes. This means it is grave that these conditions are identified and treated at the earliest opportunity. 2. 3. 3Dementia with Lewy bodies Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a form of dementia that has characteristics similar to both Alzheimers and paralysis agitans diseases. It suffices around four per cent of all cases of dementia in older large number. Lewy bodies, named after(prenominal) the refer who first identified them in 1912, are tiny, spherical protein deposits found in buttock cells.Their presence in the brain disrupts the brains normal modus operandiing, interrupting the action of important chemical messengers, including acetylcholine and dopamine. Re es declareers yield yet to assure fully why Lewy bodies occur in the brain and how they cause damage. 2. 3. 4Fronto-temporal dementia The term fronto-temporal dementia includes conditions such as Picks disease, frontal lobe degeneration, and dementia associated with motor neurone disease. All these are due to damage to the frontal lobe and/or the temporal parts of the brain. These realms are responsible for our behaviour, frantic responses and language skills. . 3. 5Korsakoffs syndrome Korsakoffs syndrome is a brain disorder rough- abbreviatedly linked with heavy a lcoholic drink utilization over a long period. Sometimes it is referred to as alcohol amnestic syndrome ? amnestic meaning loss of memory ? although in rare cases alcohol is not the cause. Although Korsakoffs syndrome is not strictly speaking a dementia, people with the condition suffer loss of short-term memory. 2. 3. 6Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Prions are contagious agents that onslaught the central sickish system and then occupy the brain, causing dementia.Known prion disease is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, or CJD. It was first reported by two German doctors (Creutzfeldt and Jakob) in 1920. 2. 3. 7Aids-related cognitive impairment Individuals with HIV and AIDS occasionally develop cognitive impairment particularly in the later stages of their sickness. AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is caused by the presence of the forgiving immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the body. HIV attacks the bodys immune system, fashioning the soul affected more susceptible to infection. HIV- related cognitive impairment can be caused by ? The direct impact of HIV on the brain Infections (called opportunistic infections) that take advantage of the weakened immune system. 2. 3. 8Binswangers disease Binswangers disease is a unusual form of vascular dementia in which harm occurs to the blood vessels in the deep white matter of the brain. Symptoms of Binswangers mostly occur in people over the age of 60 and it is usually linked with long-term hypertension. The disease chiefly affects memory and mental abilities such as thinking and learning. The psyche whitethorn to a fault experience predilection swings, tremors, seizures and problems with walking. 2. 3. 9Huntingtons diseaseHuntingtons disease is a progressive inherited disease. It typically becomes obvious in adults in their 30s, even though it can occur earlier or later. There is too a puerile type of Huntingtons, which affects children. The route of the disease varies for each someone, and dementia can occur at any stage of the illness. 2. 4diagnosing Diagnosis of dementia is based on the following History Physical exam Tests The process of find outing dementia is do provided if two or more brain functions such as memory and language skills are extensively damaged without loss of consciousness.An early and precise dementia diagnosis can service in early treatment of dementia symptoms and whitethornbe reversing the dementia or stopping its development, if the cause of dementia is correctable (such as normal pressure hydrocephalus, a brain tumor, or B12 deficiency). Patient History History victorious is a very important step in identifying dementia. It is important to know how and when symptoms developed and roughly the longanimouss boilersuit medical condition. Is there any encounter factor involved or there is any family account maintainment of similar symptoms along with any medication the person is taking.Physician also try to evaluate the patients emotional state and the degree of day to day actions being affected in spite of of the fact that patients with dementia frequently are ignorant of or in denial rough how their disease is affecting them. typically the family members also deny the reality of the disease because they take this in the beginning as a usual procedure of aging. Therefore, additional steps are necessary to confirm or rule out a dementia diagnosis. Physical Exam A physical examination can dish up in the following ?Rule out treatable causes of dementia Classify signs of stroke or other disorders that can add to dementia ? Identify indications of other illnesses, such as heart disease or kidney failure that can be related with dementia. A thorough neurological assessment is performed to evaluate the balance, sensory function, reflexes, and other functions of the patient and to disgrace signs of conditions that whitethorn check an effect on the diagnosis of dementia. Tests Used in Diagnosing Dementia Tests that are used to diagnosis deme ntia include the following ?Cognitive and neuropsychological experiences (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) ? fountainhead scans (MRI or CT scan) Laboratory tests ?Psychiatric evaluations ?Pre-symptomatic testing. Cognitive and Neuropsychological Tests for Dementia Tests are done to stride memory, language skills, math skills, and other abilities associated to mental functioning to financial aid them analyze a patients condition precisely. A test called the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is used to judge cognitive skills in people with assumed dementia. This test examines ? Orientation ?Memory ?Attention Doctors also use a diversity of other tests and rating scales to categorise explicit types of cognitive problems and abilities. maven Scan Tests for DementiaBrain scans are carried out to recognize strokes, tumors, or other problems that can result dementia. A brain scan whitethorn also demonstrate cortical wasting (the progressive loss of neurons causes the ridge s to become thinner and the sulci to grow wider), which is the deterioration of the brains cortex (outer layer) and is frequent in many forms of dementia. Brain scans can also spot changes in the brains organization and function that would propose Alzheimers disease. Computed imagery Scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging The most general types of brain scans are computed imaging (CT) scans and magnetised resonance imaging (MRI).A CT scan of the brain frequently suggested in a patient with suspected dementia. These scans, which use x-rays to detect brain structures, can show evidence of ?Brain atrophy ?Strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) ?Changes to the blood vessels ?Other problems (such as hydrocephalus and subdural hematomas). MRI scans use magnetic field and focused radio waves to detect hydrogen atoms in tissues within the body. They can detect the equal problems as CT scans but they are correct for identifying certain conditions, such as brain atrophy and damage fr om diminutive TIAs. Electroencephalograms (EEGs)Electroencephalograms (EEGs) are another tool to assist in inspecting people with suspected dementia. In an EEG, electrodes are placed on the scalp over several parts of the brain in order to detect and record patterns of electrical activity and to check for insaneities. This electrical activity can indicate cognitive dysfunction in part or all of the brain. Many patients with moderately severe to severe Alzheimers disease have abnormal EEGs. An EEG may also be used to detect seizures, which occur in about 10 percent of people with Alzheimers disease. It can also help examine Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Other Brain Scan TestsSeveral other types of brain scans allow inquiryers to watch the brain as it functions. These scans, called working(a) brain imaging, are not often used as diagnostic tools, but they are important in research and they may ultimately help identify people with dementia earlier than is currently possible. Types of functional brain scans include ?Functional MRI (fMRI) It uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to tone the metabolic changes that take place in active parts of the brain. ?Single p torridon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) It shows the distribution of blood in the brain, which generally increases with brain activity. Positron emission tomography (PET) This scans can detect changes in glucose metabolism, atomic number 8 metabolism, and blood flow, all of which can reveal abnormalities of brain function. ?Magneto encephalography (MEG) This can show the electromagnetic fields produced by the brains neuronal activity. Laboratory Tests for Dementia Doctors may use a variety of laboratory tests to help diagnose dementia or rule out other conditions, such as kidney failure, which can work to symptoms. A partial list of these tests includes ?A complete blood count (CBC) Blood glucose test, which measures sugar levels in the blood ? Urinalysis ?Drug and alcohol tests (toxicolo gy screen) ?Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (to rule out particularised infections that can affect the brain) ? Analysis of thyroid and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. ?A doctor pass on order barely the tests that he or she feels are necessary to improve the accuracy of a diagnosis. Psychiatric Evaluation The health sympathize with provider may recommend a psychiatric evaluation to determine if depression or another psychiatric disorder may be causing or contributing to a persons symptoms. Pre-Symptomatic Testing In most cases, testing people before symptoms begin in order to determine if they bequeath develop dementia is not possible. However, in cases involving disorders such as Huntingtons where a known gene defect is clear linked to the seek of the disease, a genetic test can help identify people who are likely to develop the disease. Since this type of genetic information can be devastating, people should carefully consider whether they want to undergo such testing. 2. 5 preachingFor about 10 percent of conditions that cause dementia, treatment is available that can help reverse or at least slow dump its progression. Some examples of these treatable causes of dementia include A brain tumor Normal pressure hydrocephalus Hypothyroidism. For most cases, treatment does not exist to reverse or halt the diseases progression however, this does not mean that nothing should be done. slew with dementia can benefit to some extent from such things as medications and cognitive training. There are also options for the family to help them cope. 2. 6Risk FactorsScientists have found a number of fortune factors for dementia that affect the likelihood of evolution one or more kinds of dementia. While these are not causes of dementia, they may increase a persons chances of growing the symptoms referred to collectively as dementia. Some dementia risk factors can be treated or controlled and some cannot Some of these risk factors for dementia are modifiable, plo t of land others are not.. Also, certain risk factors are more likely to increase the risk for certain types of dementia. For example, the risk of vascular dementia is strongly correlated with risk factors for stroke.Finally, the more dementia risk factors you have, the greater your chances of having dementia. An example of risk factors for dementia that you cannot change involves getting older (the risk of dementia tends to increase with age). Other dementia risk factors you cannot control include having Age A family autobiography of dementia Down syndrome Mild cognitive impairment History of a stroke. Dementia risk factors that you can control include Hypertension hypercholeste usancemia Diabetes Atherosclerosis Smoking Heavy alcohol use. Homocysteine levels in the blood.There are also things that can be controlled that increase your risk for developing diabetes, atherosclerosis, and other conditions that may increase your risk of developing dementia. These include Being overweig ht or obese Lack of physical activity Unhealthy diet. ?Age Age is the utmost risk aspect for dementia. Dementia influences one in 14 people over the age of 65 and one in six over the age of 80. However, Alzheimers is not limited to aged people in the UK, there are 15,000 people under the age of 65 with dementia, although this figure is likely to be an underrated. ?Genetic hereditary patternSeveral people fear that they may become heir to Alzheimers disease, and scientists are presently exploring the hereditary background to Alzheimers. In most of the cases, the effect of inheritance appears to be minute. If a parent or other family member has Alzheimers disease, probability of developing the disease is only a slight wondrous than if there were no cases of Alzheimers in the direct family. ?Environmental factors The ecological factors that may add to the blast of Alzheimers disease have yet to be discovered. Not many years ago, there were concerns that revelation to aluminum might cause Alzheimers disease.Nevertheless, these fears have largely been discounted. ?Other factors Because of the dissimilarity in their chromosomal structure, people with Downs disorder who live into their 50s and 60s may develop Alzheimers disease. People who have had stern skull or whiplash wounds also come out to be at increased risk of developing dementia. Boxers who get frequent blows to the head are at risk too. Study has also revealed that people who smoke, and those who have elevated blood pressure or sky-scraping cholesterol levels, augment their risk of developing Alzheimers. 2. 7 Care of people with dementiaPeople with moderate and advanced dementia typically subscribe round-the-clock care and management to prevent them from harming themselves or others. They may also need assistance with daily activities such as eating, bathing, and dressing. run across these needs requires patience, understanding, and careful thought from the persons caregivers. For people involved wi th dementia care, there are some important things to consider. These include such things as Making the home safe Helping to slenderize stressors Providing mental stimulation. obedient dementia care always involves the issue of driving. nonpareil of the hardest things to do is to take away a persons emancipation that comes with driving. However, for a number of reasons that we pass on explain later, people with dementia should not drive. 2. 7. 1Dementia Care and the Home A typical home environment can present many dangers and obstacles to people with dementia, but simple changes can overcome many of these problems. For example, sharp knives, dangerous chemicals, tools, and other hazards should be removed or locked away. Other sentry go precautions include Installing bed and bathroom safety rails Removing locks from bedroom and bathroom doors Lowering the hot water temperature to 120F (48. 9C) or less to burn the risk of accidental scalding. People with dementia should also wear some form of identification at all times in case they wander away or become lost. Caregivers can help prevent unsupervised global by adding locks or alarms to outside doors. 2. 7. 2Reducing Stressors People with dementia often develop behavioral problems because of frustration with specialized situations. Understanding and modifying or preventing the situations that trigger these behaviors may help to make life more pleasant for the person with dementia as well as his or her caregivers.For instance, the person may be confused or frustrated by the level of activity or noise in the surrounding environment. Reducing inessential activity and noise (such as by limiting the number of visitors and turning off the television when its not in use) may make it easier for the person to understand requests and perform simple t consumes. Caregivers may also centralize confusion in people with dementia by Simplifying home decorations Removing clutter Keeping familiar objects nigh Following a predictable routine throughout the day. Calendars and clocks also may help patients tailor themselves. . 7. 3Mental Stimulation as Part of Dementia Care Caregivers should encourage people with dementia to continue their normal leisure activities as long as they are safe and do not cause frustration. Activities such as crafts, games, and music can provide important mental stimulation and improve mood. Some studies have suggested that participating in exercise and intellectually stimulating activities may slow the decline of cognitive function in some people. 2. 7. 4Is Driving Safe? Many studies have found that driving is unsafe for people with dementia.They often get lost and they may have problems remembering or following the rules of the road. They may also have difficulty processing information quickly and dealing with unexpected circumstances. til now a second of confusion while driving can lead to an accident. Driving with impaired cognitive functions can also endanger others . Some experts have suggested that regular screening for changes in recognition might help to strangle the number of driving accidents among elderly people, and some states now require that doctors report people with Alzheimers disease to their state motor vehicle incision.However, in many cases, it is up to the persons family and friends to ensure that the person does not drive. 2. 7. 5How the local spot assesses need Local authority social run incisions are the main providers of care and support services. If a person with dementia or their carer is in need of support, they should contact the local social services department to explain. The department will then carry out an assessment of the persons needs and identify what services would be appropriate to meet those needs.This is known as a community care assessment If the department assesses a person as being in need of certain services, it has a duty to provide the services that fall within their eligibility criteria (local ly set rules on what type of needs the local authority will meet). The person may have to contribute towards the cost of these services. Local authorities can provide services instanter themselves, or may make arrangements for private or voluntary-sector organizations to provide care on their behalf. Services ary from area to area, but range from those that allow someone to wait independent in their own home (such as meals on wheels, day care, equipment and home adaptations) to residential care. The views and preferences of the person receiving the service should always be taken into account. 2. 7. 6Care plans If, after assessing the persons care needs, the social services department agrees that certain services should be provided, it will give the person a written care plan outlining these services. This applies whether the person lives at home or in a care home.Care plans should be reviewed regularly and as needs change. If a review has not been carried out recently, or if one m ay be necessary, the person or their carer should contact social services and ask for a review. In addition, care homes must(prenominal) provide an individual care plan for each resident. This must be regularly reviewed to take account of changing needs. 2. 7. 7Thinking through the options Once the social services department has confirmed what services the person is eligible to receive, the person and their carer can begin to think through the options.Even if the assessment concludes that the persons needs are not yet urgent enough to receive help from social services, or if some services are not available under the local authoritys eligibility criteria, an assessment will give everyone clearer information about the situation and the kinds of help available from other sources. The person or their family or carer could arrange services themselves, or through a voluntary organization or private agency. A key decision is whether the person can remain in their own home, or whether they would prefer to move into sheltered housing or a care home.If they stay in their own home, there are many additional support options available. It is also important to consider the financial implications of the options available. Social services should be able to give an idea of how some(prenominal) the person will have to pay towards the costs of the divers(a) services that are arranged through them. Services provided by the NHS, such as community nursing, are free. Anyone who is arranging services themselves, whether through a voluntary organisation or a private agency, will need to make their own enquiries. It is important not to rush into a decision.It might help to also talk to friends and relatives, other carers and your local Alzheimers Society branch. Local voluntary organisations are a source of advertise information, advice and practical help. Below is some guidance about what to consider when you are thinking about the kind of care the person in question needs. 2. 7. 8Understanding and respecting the person with dementia Its very important that people with dementia are treated with respect. It is important to remember that a person with dementia is still a unparalleled and valuable human being, despite their illness.If you can understand what the person is going through, it might be easier for you to assimilate why they behave in certain ways. When a person with dementia bob ups that their mental abilities are declining, they often feel vulnerable and in need of reassurance and support. The people closest to them including their carers, health and social care professionals, friends and family need to do everything they can to help the person to retain their find of identity and feelings of self-worth. 2. 7. 9Helping the person feel preciousThe person with dementia needs to feel respected and valued for who they are now, as well as for who they were in the past. There are many things that the people around them can do to help, including try ing to be flexible and tolerant making time to listen, have regular chats, and enjoy being with the person exhibit affection in a way they both feel comfortable with finding things to do together. Our sense of who we are is closely connected to the names we call ourselves. Its important that people address the person with dementia in a way that the person recognises and prefers. Some people may be happy for anybody to call them by their first name or nickname. Others may prefer younger people, or those who do not know them very well, to address them formally and to use courtesy titles, such as Mr or Mrs. clear sure you explain the persons cultural or religious background, and any rules and customs, to anyone from a different background so that they can behave accordingly. These may include respectful forms of address what they can eat religious observances, such as prayer and festivals particular clothing or jewellery that the person (or those in their presence) should or should no t wear any forms of touch or gestures that are considered disrespectful ways of undressing ways of dressing the hair how the person washes or uses the toilet. Many people with dementia have a fragile sense of self-worth its particularly important that people continue to treat them with courtesy, however advanced their dementia. Be kind and reassuring to the person youre caring for without talking down to them. Never talk over their head as if they are not there especially if youre talking about them.Include them in conversations. Avoid scolding or criticising them this will make them feel small. Look for the meaning behind their words, even if they dont seem to be making much sense. Whatever the detail of what they are saying, the person is usually trying to communicate how they feel. Try to imagine how you would like to be spoken to if you were in their position. Try to make sure that the persons right to privacy is respected. Suggest to other people that they should always kno ck on the persons bedroom door before entering. If the person needs help with intimate personal activities, such as washing or using the toilet, do this sensitively and make sure the door is kept closed if other people are around. Everyone involved including the persons friends, family members, carers, and the person with dementia themselves reacts to the experience of dementia in their own way. Dementia means different things to different people. There are lots of things you can do to help the person with dementia feel good about themselves. This factsheet offers some suggestions.When you spend time with someone with dementia, it is important to take account of their abilities, interests and preferences. These may change as the dementia progresses. Its not always easy, but try to respond flexibly and sensitively. Dementia affects peoples thinking, reasoning and memory, but the persons feelings remain intact. A person with dementia will probably be sad or upset at times. In the ea rlier stages, the person may want to talk about their anxieties and the problems they are experiencing. Try to understand how the person feels. Make time to offer them support, rather than ignoring them or jollying them along. Dont brush their worries aside, however painful they may be, or however insignificant they may seem. Listen, and show the person that you are there for them. Make sure that, whenever possible, you inform and consult the person about matters that concern them. Give them every opportunity to make their own choices. Always explain what you are doing and why. You may be able to judge the persons reaction from their expression and body language. People with dementia can find choice confusing, so keep it simple.Phrase questions so that they only need a yes or no answer, such as Would you like to wear your blue jumper straight off? rather than Which jumper would you like to wear today? Avoid situations in which the person is bound to fail, as this can be humiliati ng. Look for tasks that they can still manage and activities they enjoy. ive plenty of encouragement. Let them do things at their own pace and in their own way. Do things with the person, rather than for them, to help them retain their independence. Break activities down into small steps so that they feel a sense of achievement, even if they can only manage part of a task. Our self-respect is often bound up with the way we look. Encourage the person to take pride in their appearance, and compliment them on how they look. Make sure that anyone involved in caring for the person has as much background information as possible, as well as information about their present situation. This will help them see the person theyre caring for as a whole person rather than simply someone with dementia. It may also help them to feel more confident about finding conversation topics or suggesting activities that the person may enjoy. 2. 8How effective is heath care management?wellness care management involves several techniques to cater the needs of the patient. It should be kept in mind that patient is not responsible for the disease and therefore should not be ignored or avoided. With the advancement in technology, different techniques can be used to look after the suffer of this disorder. However, these techniques and ways could only help the victim survive a bit since. Those kinds of dementia which are treatable and such patients have a different perspective and outlook of life as compared to those who are the victims of the untreatable ones.So the care also varies with these two kinds of patients. authority of the present day health care management system is satisfactory but as verbalise earlier it cannot bring back the life of the victim, however could let him or her survive for a couple of(prenominal) more days with a happy face. 3. DEMENTIA IN UK Following statistics give a clear cut idea about the ratio and proportion of dementia patients in UK There are currently 70 0,000 people with dementia in the UK. There are currently 15,000 younger people with dementia in the UK. There are over 11,500 people with dementia from black and minority ethnic concourses in the UK. There will be over a million people with dementia by 2025. Two thirds of people with dementia are women. The proportion of people with dementia doubles for every 5 year age group. One third of people over 95 have dementia. 60,000 deaths a year are directly imputable to dementia. Delaying the onset of dementia by 5 years would reduce deaths directly attributable to dementia by 30,000 a year. The financial cost of dementia to the UK is over ? 17 billion a year. Family carers of people with dementia save the UK over ? 6 billion a year. 64% of people living in care homes have a form of dementia. Two thirds of people with dementia live in the community while one third live in a care home. 4. LIVING WITH DEMENTIA People with dementia have become increasingly involved in the work of the Alz heimers Society since 2000. Through a national programme called Living with Dementia, people with dementia have been sharing their experiences and knowledge, and raising awareness of dementia at local and national levels. This contribution is crucial to ensure that the Alzheimers Society develops appropriate information and support for people with dementia. It ensures that people with dementia can influence the work that the Society carries ut on their behalf. On a national level the Living with Dementia programme consults with people with dementia in support of the Alzheimers Societys work of influencing government policy. People with dementia in action People with dementia are involved in the Alzheimers Society in a variety of ways ? Giving presentations and raising public awareness. ?Organising the laughable UK wide convention of people with dementia. ?Lobbying MPs and commenting on government legislation. ?Being interviewed by national press and television. ?Recruiting and indu cting bracing staff at the Alzheimers Society. ?Helping to make the website easier to use. Developing information for other people with dementia and their families. ? active in the national consultative body, the Living with Dementia Working group. These are just a few examples. There are many opportunities in the Living with Dementia programme Living with Dementia platform Various initiatives in the Alzheimers Society have focused on ways of supporting people living with dementia. Many started as two year pilots in 2001 and 2002, but are now established as a core part of the Alzheimers Society activity. Examples of current initiatives are listed below West Kent Computer roveStarted in 2001. It supports people with dementia using computer equipment, to find new ways of communicating, pursuing interests and have fun. Living with Dementia presentation skills training For people with dementia. Everyone affected by dementia has their own unique story to tell. Personal experiences and views are a powerful way of raising awareness about dementia, making issues come alive. Training people with dementia to share their experience on TV, press and at meetings, helps to reduce the misunderstanding that surrounds dementia and offers hope to people facing the same situation.Providing key skills enables people to undertake packaging work with confidence. Helpcard for people with dementia Developed in 2007 by people with dementia and piloted by people with dementia. The helpcard enables people with dementia to feel confident, not alone and able to ask for help at anytime. It is very useful in emergency situations, and is an effective communication tool that informs others of a persons circumstances. There are one-third different designs, with 3 different options for describing particular situations. National conference for people with dementiaThe Alzheimers Society has hosted three conferences for people with dementia in London, Newcastle and Birmingham (Thompson, Nann i & Schwankovsky, 1990). The latter two involved members from the Living with Dementia Working group and the Scottish Dementia Working Group, making them the only UK wide events for people with dementia. In Newcastle the Improving Our Lives feedback include ?Get out and enjoy life ?Laugh Confidence ?Remaining the same person after diagnosis ?Open positive communication ?Speak up have your voice listened to ?Speak to your MP Being denied treatment medication because of a cost cutting exercise its a disgrace ? Set up an email group ?Done more since having dementia living my life to the full 5. RESEARCHES Currently, scientists are conducting research on many different aspects of dementia. This research promises to improve the lives of people affected by such symptoms and may eventually lead to ways of preventing or curing the disorders that result in dementia. Some areas of focus for dementia research include Causes and prevention Diagnosis Treatment. searching the Causes and Prev ention of DementiaResearch on the causes of Alzheimers disease (and other disorders that are causes of dementia) includes studies of Genetic factors Neurotransmitters Inflammation Factors that influence programmed cell death in the brain The roles of tau, beta starchlike, and the associated neurofibrillary tangles and plaques in Alzheimers disease. Some other dementia research scientists are trying to determine the possible roles of cholesterol metabolism, oxidative stress (chemical reactions that can damage proteins, DNA, and lipids inside cells), and microglia in the development of Alzheimers disease.Current research on dementia prevention and causes includes the following Research to better understand the role of aging-related proteins (such as the enzyme telomerase) in the development of dementia. Studies of abnormal clumps of proteins in cells. Researchers are trying to learn how abnormal clumps of protein in cells develop, how they affect cells, and how the clumping can be pr evented. Studies that examine whether changes in white matter nerve fibers lined with myelin may play a role in the onset of Alzheimers disease.Myelin may erode in Alzheimers disease patients before other changes occur. This may be due to a problem with oligodendrocytes, the cells that produce myelin. Work being done by scientists to search for additional genes that may contribute to Alzheimers disease. These researchers have identified a number of gene regions that may be involved in the development of Alzheimers. Some researchers suggest that people will eventually be screened for a number of genes that contribute to Alzheimers disease and that they will be able to receive treatments that specifically address their individual genetic risks.However, such individualized screening and treatment is still years away. Studies on insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is common in people with Alzheimers disease, but it is not clear whether the insulin resistance contributes to the deve lopment of the disease or if it is only if a side effect. Several dementia research studies have found a reduced risk of dementia in people who take cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins. However, it is not yet clear if the apparent effect is due to the drugs or to other factors.Therefore, more research is being currently being done be better understand this possible relationship between statins and dementia. A 2003 dementia research study found that people with HIV-associated dementia have different levels of activity for more than 30 different proteins, compared to people who have HIV but no signs of dementia. The study suggests a possible way to screen HIV patients for the first signs of cognitive impairment, and it may lead to ways of intervening to prevent this form of dementia. Research in this area continues. Research Involving Diagnosis of Alzheimers Disease Improving early diagnosis of Alzheimers disease and other disorders that may cause dementia is important not onl y for patients and families, but also for researchers who seek to better understand the causes of dementia and find ways to reverse or halt them at early stages. Improved diagnosis can also reduce the risk that people will receive inappropriate treatments. In some research, scientists are analyse whether three-dimensional computer mouldings of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can identify brain changes typical of early Alzheimers disease, before any symptoms appear.This research may lead to ways of preventing the symptoms of Alzheimers disease. One study found that levels of beta amyloid and tau in spinal fluid could be used to diagnose Alzheimers disease with an accuracy of 92 percent. If other studies confirm the validity of this test, it may allow doctors to identify people who are beginning to develop the disorder before they start to show dementia symptoms. This would allow treatment at very early stages of the disorder, and may help in testing new treatments to prevent or delay symptoms of the disease.Other researchers have identified factors in the skin and blood of Alzheimers disease patients that are different from those in healthy people. They are trying to determine if these factors can be used to diagnose the disease. Treatment Research Researchers are continually working to develop new drugs for Alzheimers disease and other causes of dementia. Many researchers deliberate a vaccine that reduces the number of amyloid plaques in the brain might ultimately prove to be the most effective treatment for Alzheimers disease. In 2001, researchers began one clinical trial of a vaccine called AN-1792. The research study was halted after a number of people developed inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. disdain these problems, one patient appeared to have reduced numbers of amyloid plaques in the brain. Other patients showed little or no cognitive decline during the course of the study, suggesting that the vaccin e may slow or halt the disease. Researchers are now trying to find safer and more effective vaccines for Alzheimers disease. Researchers are also investigating possible methods of gene therapy for Alzheimers disease. In one case, researchers used cells genetically engineered to produce nerve growth factor and transplanted them into monkeys forebrains. The transplanted cells boosted the amount of nerve growth factors in the brain and seemed to prevent degeneration of acetylcholine-producing neurons in the animals. This suggests that gene therapy might help to reduce or delay symptoms of the disease. Researchers are now testing a similar therapy in a small number of patients. Other researchers have experimented with gene therapy that adds a gene called neprilysin in a mouse model that produces human beta amyloid. They found that increasing the level of neprilysin greatly reduced the amount of beta amyloid in the mice and halted the amyloid-related brain degeneration. They are now tryi ng to determine whether neprilysin gene therapy can improve cognition in mice. Since many studies have found evidence of brain inflammation in people with Alzheimers disease, some researchers have proposed that drugs that control inflammation, such as NSAIDs, might prevent the disease or slow its progression.Studies in mice have suggested that these drugs can limit production of amyloid plaques in the brain. Early studies of these drugs in humans have shown promising results. However, a large NIH-funded clinical trial of two NSAIDs (naproxen and celecoxib) to prevent Alzheimers disease was stopped in late 2004 because of an increase in stroke and heart attack in people taking naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn, Anaprox, Naprelan), and an unrelated study that linked celecoxib (Celebrex) to an increased risk of heart attack. Some research studies on dementia have suggested that two drugs, pentoxifylline and propentofylline, may be useful in treating vascular dementia. Pentoxifylline improves b lood flow, while propentofylline appears to interfere with some of the processes that cause cell death in the brain. One research study is testing the safety and effectiveness of donepezil (Aricept) for treating mild dementia in patients with Parkinsons dementia, while another is investigating whether skin patches with the drug selegiline can improve mental function in patients with cognitive problems related to HIV. . CONCLUSION An appropriate cost effective workup of dementia includes a complete history, a complete physical examination (including a neuropsychiatric evaluation), a CBC, blood glucose, blood serum electrolytes, serum calcium, serum creatinine, and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (Whitlatch, Feinberg & Tucke, 2005). Other tests should be done only if there is a specific indication for e. g. vitamin B12 and folate if macrocytosis is present (Wilkinson & Lennox, 2005).A CT or MRI should be considered if the onset of dementia is before the age of 65 years, symptoms ha ve occurred for less than 2 years, there is evidence of central or asymmetrical neurological deficits, the clinical picture indicates normal pressure hydrocephalus, or there is a recent history of fall or other head trauma. If a patient has a history of cancer or is on anticoagulation therapy, then neuro imaging should also be considered. Thus to conclude, it is sufficient to say that dementia, though a dangerous disorder, having not much cures, can be prevented by undergoing certain precautionary measures as illustrated above.